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Lobbying is a form of advocacy, which lawfully attempts to directly influence legislators or government officials, such as regulatory agencies or judiciary. [1] Lobbying involves direct, face-to-face contact and is carried out by various entities, including individuals acting as voters, constituents, or private citizens, corporations pursuing their business interests, nonprofits and NGOs ...
Lobbying depends on cultivating personal relationships over many years. Photo: Lobbyist Tony Podesta (left) with former Senator Kay Hagan (center) and her husband.. Generally, lobbyists focus on trying to persuade decision-makers: Congress, executive branch agencies such as the Treasury Department and the Securities and Exchange Commission, [16] the Supreme Court, [17] and state governments ...
Prohibits lobbyists from providing gifts or travel to Members of Congress with knowledge that the gift or travel is in violation of House or Senate Rules. Full public disclosure of lobbying activity. Requires lobbyist disclosure filings to be filed twice as often, by decreasing the time between filing from semi-annual to quarterly.
In an article titled "The 'Fourth Branch' of Government", Alex Knott of the Center for Public Integrity asserted in 2005 that "special interests and the lobbyists they employ have reported spending, since 1998, a total of almost $13 billion to influence Congress, the White House and more than 200 federal agencies." [15] [non-primary source needed]
Lobbying, a standard method used to influence or change a piece of legislation, is a common practice at all levels of legislature, including the United States Congress and local legislation. [1] [2] In the U.S., direct lobbying involves direct methods used by a lobbyist when attempting to influence a legislative body.
Money spent on lobbying increased from "tens of millions to billions a year," by one estimate. [22] In 1975, total revenue of Washington lobbyists was less than $100 million; by 2006, it exceeded $2.5 billion. [23] Lobbyists such as Cassidy became millionaires while issues multiplied, and other practitioners became similarly wealthy. [22]
§ 308: Registration of Lobbyists With Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House "(a) Any person who shall engage himself for pay or for any consideration for the purpose of attempting to influence the passage or defeat of any legislation by the Congress of the United States shall, before doing anything in furtherance of such object, register with the Clerk of the House of Representatives ...
The Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act was considered ineffective in achieving its objective (regulating lobbying). [4] The FRLA was considered ineffective due to its vagueness and lack of clarity. [5] During this time, lobbying had increased, which created the need for effective legislation for regulating lobbying.