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The Constitution of Mongolia adopted in 1992 states that the President of Mongolia is the "head of state and embodiment of the unity of the Mongolian people". [1]Mongolia declared its independence from the Qing dynasty during the Mongolian Revolution of 1911, [a] under the Bogd Khan (the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu).
Mongolia held its first democratic elections in 1990, following a peaceful 1990 revolution. [5] [6] From 1921 to 1990, Mongolia was a communist single-party state under the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. [7] Historically, Mongolian politics has been influenced by its two large neighbors, Russia and China. [8] [9]
The president of Mongolia [a] is the executive head of state of Mongolia. [4] The current president is Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh . Political parties with representation in the State Great Khural nominate candidates.
The government is collectively responsible to the State Great Khural and must resign if a motion of no confidence is adopted by the State Great Khural. The State Great Khural determines the structure and composition of the government by submission of Prime Minister. The government is one of the 3 subjects that have the right to initiate laws. [1]
The National Human Rights Commission of Mongolia Act was enacted to empower and regulate the administrative functions of the National Human Rights Commission. Thereafter, the commission was established by a State Great Khural resolution on 11 January 2001. [17]
In its current form, the Cabinet Secretariat was established in 1992 through reorganization of the Secretariat of Government of the Mongolian People's Republic. [1] It is a continuation of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, one of the first five ministries of the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia, established in 1911. [3] [4]
By the time of Mongolia's second (and more generally recognized) declaration of independence from the occupation by Beiyang China in 1921, the office was controlled by a communist group known as the time Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. 1924 the party established the Mongolian People's Republic, and the prime minister's post was ...
The name Mongolia means the "Land of the Mongols" in Latin. The Mongolian word "Mongol" (монгол) is of uncertain etymology.Sükhbataar (1992) and de la Vaissière (2021) proposed it being a derivation from Mugulü, the 4th-century founder of the Rouran Khaganate, [13] first attested as the 'Mungu', [14] (Chinese: 蒙兀, Modern Chinese Měngwù, Middle Chinese Muwngu), [15] a branch of ...