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The high priest is the chief of all the priests; he should be anointed and invested with the priestly garments; but if the sacred oil were not obtainable, [36] investiture with the additional four garments is regarded as sufficient. [37] A high priest so invested is known as merubbeh begadim.
The earliest priest mentioned in the Bible, Melchizedek, was a priest of the Most High and a contemporary of Abram. [1] The first priest mentioned of another god is Potipherah priest of On, whose daughter Asenath married Joseph in Egypt. The third priest to be mentioned is Jethro, priest of Midian, and Moses' father in law. [2]
This article gives a list of the high priests (Kohen Gadol) of ancient Israel up to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD. Because of a lack of historical data, this list is incomplete and there may be gaps. A traditional list of the Jewish High Priests. The High Priests, like all Jewish priests, belonged to the Aaronic line.
Their duties involved offering the daily and holiday Temple sacrifices, and administering the Priestly Blessing to the people. The change between shifts took place on Shabbat at midday, with the outgoing shift performing the morning sacrifice, and the incoming shift the afternoon sacrifice.
Icon of "Christ the Great High Priest", vested as a bishop, on a bishop's cathedra, blessing as a priest. Christ, whom believers draw near to in confidence, offered Himself as the sacrifice for humanity as High Priest. [19] Old Testament priests declared the will of God, gave the covenant of blessing, and directed the processing of sacrifices. [20]
The descendants of Aaron, who was the first High Priest of Israel, were designated as the priestly class, the Kohanim. Levite reading the law to the Israelites (1873 drawing) The Tribe of Levi served particular religious duties for the Israelites and had political responsibilities as well.
After Solomon's building of the First Temple in Jerusalem, Zadok was the first High Priest to serve there. [4] The prophet Ezekiel extols the sons of Zadok as staunch opponents of paganism during the era of pagan worship, and indicates their birthright to unique duties and privileges in the future temple. [5]
That of the high priest was embroidered, those of the priests were plain. [32] Priestly sash (Hebrew avnet, sash): that of the high priest was of fine linen with "embroidered work" in blue and purple and scarlet (Exodus 28:39, 39:29); those worn by the priests were of white, twined linen.