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Febrile neutropenia or neutropenic fever is a defined as a single oral temperature value of ≥ 38.3 C (101 F) or a temperature ≥ 38 C (100.4 F) for ≥ 1 hour, with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1500 cell/microliter. [1] In case of severe neutropenia, the ANC is < 500 cell/microliter. [1]
Neutropenia is an abnormally low concentration of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the blood. [4] Neutrophils make up the majority of circulating white blood cells and serve as the primary defense against infections by destroying bacteria, bacterial fragments and immunoglobulin-bound viruses in the blood. [5]
An exception is made for neutropenic (low white blood cell count) patients or patients who are severely immunocompromised in which delay could lead to serious complications. [4] After blood cultures are taken this condition is aggressively treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics.
[7] [54] A neutropenic fever, also called febrile neutropenia, is a fever in the absence of normal immune system function. [55] Because of the lack of infection-fighting neutrophils, a bacterial infection can spread rapidly; this fever is, therefore, usually considered to require urgent medical attention. [56]
Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is a form of neutropenia which is most common in infants and young children [1] where the body identifies the neutrophils as enemies and makes antibodies to destroy them. Primary autoimmune neutropenia, another name for autoimmune neutropenia, is an autoimmune disease first reported in 1975 that primarily occurs in ...
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A standardized management plan for people with neutropenia and fever should be devised. Empirical regimens contain antibiotics broadly active against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria ( quinolones : i.e., ciprofloxacin , levofloxacin , a third- or fourth-generation cephalosporin with pseudomonal coverage: e.g., cefepime , ceftazidime , or an ...