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Testosterone promotes prostate cell proliferation, [26] but relatively low levels of serum testosterone are found in patients with BPH. [ 27 ] [ 28 ] One small study has shown that medical castration lowers the serum and prostate hormone levels unevenly, having less effect on testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels in the prostate.
Fat cells produce an enzyme called aromatase, which converts testosterone to estrogen— and an imbalance in your testosterone and estrogen levels can increase body fat. High aromatase and ...
[citation needed] This activation can lead to symptoms of hyperandrogenism such as acne, hirsutism, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or prostate enlargement. In the canonical pathway, dihydrotestosterone is directly synthesized from testosterone by the enzyme 5α-reductase, primarily in tissues like the prostate gland, hair follicles, and skin.
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Research shows that taking 5 milligrams (mg) of finasteride a day for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — an enlarged prostate — can lead to a 15 to 25 percent increase in testosterone levels.
Prostate cells contain an Androgen Receptor (AR), that when stimulated by androgens like testosterone, promotes growth and maintains prostatic differentiation. These pro-growth signals, however, can be problematic when they occur in a cancer cell.
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