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A special case of geosynchronous orbit is the geostationary orbit (often abbreviated GEO), which is a circular geosynchronous orbit in Earth's equatorial plane with both inclination and eccentricity equal to 0. A satellite in a geostationary orbit remains in the same position in the sky to observers on the surface. [1]
Geostationary satellites are launched via a temporary orbit, and then placed in a "slot" above a particular point on the Earth's surface. The satellite requires periodic station-keeping to maintain its position. Modern retired geostationary satellites are placed in a higher graveyard orbit to avoid collisions.
Satellites in geostationary orbit. A geosynchronous satellite is a satellite in geosynchronous orbit, with an orbital period the same as the Earth's rotation period.Such a satellite returns to the same position in the sky after each sidereal day, and over the course of a day traces out a path in the sky that is typically some form of analemma.
Polar orbits are used for Earth-mapping, reconnaissance satellites, as well as for some weather satellites. [2] The Iridium satellite constellation uses a polar orbit to provide telecommunications services. Near-polar orbiting satellites commonly choose a sun-synchronous orbit, where each successive orbital pass occurs at the same local time of ...
HRPT transmissions are available around the world and are available from both polar and geostationary weather satellites. The polar satellites rotate in orbits that allow each location on Earth to be covered by the weather satellite twice per day while the geostationary satellites remain in one location at the equator taking weather images of ...
Graveyard orbit (or disposal, junk orbit) : An orbit that satellites are moved into at the end of their operation. For geostationary satellites a few hundred kilometers above geosynchronous orbit. [26] [27] Parking orbit, a temporary orbit. Transfer orbit, an orbit used during an orbital maneuver from one orbit to another.
Geostationary satellites have a geostationary orbit (GEO), which is 22,236 miles (35,785 km) from Earth's surface. This orbit has the special characteristic that the apparent position of the satellite in the sky when viewed by a ground observer does not change, the satellite appears to "stand still" in the sky.
The geostationary Himawari 8 satellite's first true-colour composite PNG image The geostationary GOES-17 satellite's Level 1B Calibrated Radiances - True Colour Composite PNG image. Each meteorological satellite is designed to use one of two different classes of orbit: geostationary and polar orbiting.