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  2. Granular base equivalency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granular_base_equivalency

    Granular base equivalency or granular base equivalence (GBE) is a measure of total pavement thickness. [1] [2] Since pavement is composed of multiple layers with different physical properties, its total thickness is measured by GBE. GBE translates the thickness of different road layers to a number using a set of coefficients.

  3. Pavement engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_engineering

    Pavement engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses engineering techniques to design and maintain flexible and rigid pavements. This includes streets and highways and involves knowledge of soils , hydraulics , and material properties.

  4. Falling weight deflectometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falling_weight_deflectometer

    FWD data is most often used to calculate stiffness-related parameters of a pavement structure. The process of calculating the elastic moduli of individual layers in a multi-layer system (e.g. asphalt concrete on top of a base course on top of the subgrade) based on surface deflections is known as "backcalculation", as there is no closed-form solution.

  5. California bearing ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_bearing_ratio

    The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a measure of the strength of the subgrade of a road or other paved area, and of the materials used in its construction.. The ratio is measured using a standardized penetration test first developed by the California Division of Highways for highway engineering. [1]

  6. Small tool hopes to make roads better by removing some ...

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  7. International roughness index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_roughness_index

    The IRI is used in managing pavement assets, as well as sometimes in evaluating new construction to determine bonus/penalty payments for contractors or for identifying specific locations where repairs or improvements (e.g., grinding or resurfacing) are recommended.

  8. Shell pavement design method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_pavement_design_method

    The Shell pavement design method was used in many countries for the design of new pavements made of asphalt. [1] First published in 1963, [2] it was the first mechanistic design method, providing a procedure that was no longer based on codification of historic experience but instead that permitted computation of strain levels at key positions in the pavement.

  9. R-value (soils) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-value_(soils)

    Many other agencies have adopted the California pavement design method, and specify R-Value testing for subgrade soils and road aggregates. The test method states: The R-value of a material is determined when the material is in a state of saturation such that water will be exuded from the compacted test specimen when a 16.8 kN load (2.07 MPa ...

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