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Usually, in borrowing words from Latin, the endings of the nominative are used: nouns whose nominative singular ends in -a (first declension) have plurals in -ae (anima, animae); nouns whose nominative singular ends in -um (second declension neuter) have plurals in -a (stadium, stadia; datum, data). (For a full treatment, see Latin declensions.)
Most nouns in English have distinct singular and plural forms. Nouns and most noun phrases can form a possessive construction. Plurality is most commonly shown by the ending-s (or -es), whereas possession is always shown by the enclitic-'s or, for plural forms ending in s, by just an apostrophe. Consider, for example, the forms of the noun girl.
In American English (AmE), collective nouns are almost always singular in construction: the committee was unable to agree. However, when a speaker wishes to emphasize that the individuals are acting separately, a plural pronoun may be employed with a singular or plural verb: the team takes their seats, rather than the team takes its seats.
Masculine inanimate singular nouns ending in a velar consonant, e.g. hliník → o hliníku, mozog → v mozgu, bok → na boku, vzduch → vo vzduchu, or a glottal consonant, e.g. hloh → po hlohu All neuter singular nouns ending in -kV, -chV, -iV, -uV (V being o or um ), e.g. jablko → v jablku, ucho → na uchu, akvárium → pri akváriu ...
The possessive form of an English noun, or more generally a noun phrase, is made by suffixing a morpheme which is represented orthographically as ' s (the letter s preceded by an apostrophe), and is pronounced in the same way as the regular English plural ending (e)s: namely, as / ɪ z / when following a sibilant sound (/ s /, / z /, / ʃ /, / ʒ /, / tʃ / or / dʒ /), as / s / when following ...
Non-native speakers in most cases determine try to determine gender from the ending of a noun in nominative singular. Masculine nouns typically end in a consonant, although a few end in a vowel, mostly in -a, -o and -i (some names, letters, nominalized adjectives etc.). Feminine nouns usually end in -a; these are the "a-stem" nouns. A number of ...
The vocative is distinct in singular and identical to the nominative in the plural, for all inflected nouns. Nouns with a nominative singular ending in -a have a vocative singular usually identically written but distinct in accentuation. In Lithuanian, the form that a given noun takes depends on its declension class and, sometimes, on its gender.
In Norwegian the phrase "my book" would be boka mi, [11] where boka is the definite form of the feminine noun bok (book), and mi (my) is the possessive pronoun following feminine singular nouns. In some Romance languages such as French and Italian, the gender of the possessive determiners agrees with the thing(s) owned, not with the owner.
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