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Egyptian medical papyri are ancient Egyptian texts written on papyrus which permit a glimpse at medical procedures and practices in ancient Egypt. These papyri give details on disease, diagnosis , and remedies of disease, which include herbal remedies , surgery, and magical incantations .
As with most ancient Egyptian medical papyri, these documents mainly dealt with ailments, diseases, the structure of the body, and proposed remedies used to heal these afflictions, [1] namely ophthalmologic ailments, gynaecology, muscles, tendons, and diseases of children. [2] It is the only well-known papyrus to describe these in great detail. [1]
The Ebers Papyrus, also known as Papyrus Ebers, is an Egyptian medical papyrus of herbal knowledge dating to c. 1550 BC (the late Second Intermediate Period or early New Kingdom). Among the oldest and most important medical papyri of Ancient Egypt , it was purchased at Luxor in the winter of 1873–1874 by the German Egyptologist Georg Ebers .
The earliest recorded observation of cancer is in an ancient Egyptian medical text known as the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus, which dates back to around 3000 BC to 2500 BC. This text contains 48 ...
Ebers Papyrus treatment for cancer: recounting a "tumor against the god Xenus", it recommends "do thou nothing there against". Until the 19th century, the main sources of information about ancient Egyptian medicine were writings from later in antiquity.
Deir el-Medina was a planned village, which was created on the west bank of the Nile River, across from the Egyptian city of Thebes.Historical evidence suggests that the village was founded during the reign of Thutmose I, who wished to secure a steady community of workers and artisans to build the royal tombs in the nearby Valley of the Kings. [12]
The Hearst Papyrus, also called the Hearst Medical Papyrus, [1] is one of the medical papyri of ancient Egypt.It was named after Phoebe Hearst. [2] The papyrus contains 18 pages of medical prescriptions written in hieratic Egyptian writing, concentrating on treatments for problems dealing with the urinary system, blood, hair, and bites. [2]
Knowledge of anatomical studies is drawn from papyri and ostraca, especially the Ebers, Edwin Smith and Kahun Papyri. One of only two extant texts on creating a mummy is the Ritual of Embalming Papyrus. Mummification techniques led to advancement in anatomical knowledge. [1] [2] [8] [9]