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  2. Pelagio Galvani - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagio_Galvani

    Pelagio Galvani [1] (c. 1165 – 30 January 1230, [2] Portuguese: Paio Galvão Latin: Pelagius) was a Leonese [3] cardinal, and canon lawyer. [4] He became a papal legate and leader of the Fifth Crusade. Born at Guimarães, his early life is little known. It is repeatedly claimed that he entered the Order of Saint Benedict but this is not ...

  3. Battle of Mansurah (1221) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1221)

    The battle of Mansurah took place from 26–28 August 1221 near the Egyptian city of Mansurah and was the final battle in the Fifth Crusade (1217–1221). It pitted the Crusader forces under papal legate Pelagius Galvani and John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, against the Ayyubid forces of the sultan al-Kamil. The result was a decisive victory ...

  4. Fifth Crusade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Crusade

    The Fifth Crusade (September 1217 - August 29, 1221) [1] was a campaign in a series of Crusades by Western Europeans to reacquire Jerusalem and the rest of the Holy Land by first conquering Egypt, ruled by the powerful Ayyubid sultanate, led by al-Adil, brother of Saladin.

  5. Battle of Fariskur (1219) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1219)

    Pelagius and the Fifth Crusade. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0404154165. Marvin, Laurence W. (2021). "The Battle of Fariskur (29 August 1219) and the Fifth Crusade: Causes, Course, and Consequences". Journal of Military History. 85 (3): 597–618. Perry, Guy (2013).

  6. Siege of Damietta (1218–1219) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1218...

    During that time, the mosque of Damietta was converted into a cathedral. On February 2, 1220, the Feast of the Purification, Cardinal Pelagius consecrated the building as the Cathedral of the Holy Virgin. [5] In July 1221, Damietta and the Fifth Crusade were lost. Crusader forces surrendered the city and evacuated Egypt. [5]

  7. 1220s - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1220s

    The Fifth Crusade ends with nothing gained for the West, with much lost, men, resources and reputations. The Crusaders blame Frederick II for not being there. Pelagius is accused of ineffectual leadership and a misguided view, which has led to rejecting the sultan's peace offerings. [18]

  8. Raoul of Mérencourt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoul_of_Mérencourt

    The whole crusade came to a disastrous end on 29 August 1221, when the crusading armies were trapped by the flooding waters of the Nile and the combined armies of the sultan, al-Kamil, and his two brothers, al-Mu'azzam and al-Ashraf. The sultan, after allowing the hostages to be ransomed, agreed to an eight-year truce.

  9. Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranulf_de_Blondeville,_6th...

    Earl Ranulf left Damietta in September 1220, with his fellow English earls, leaving behind an indecisive force under the command of Bishop Pelagius and the Military Orders. Upon the crusade's failure, he returned to England to find his rival, William Marshal dead and the government in the hands of Hubert de Burgh.