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Kharavela [a] was the emperor of Kalinga (present-day eastern coast of India) from 193 to 180 BC.The primary source for Kharavela is his rock-cut Hathigumpha inscription.The inscription is undated, only four of its 17 lines are completely legible, others unclear, variously interpreted and disputed by scholars.
The Mahameghavahana dynasty (Mahā-Mēgha-Vāhana, 2nd or 1st century BC to early 4th century CE [3] [4]) was an ancient ruling dynasty of Kalinga after the decline of the Maurya Empire. [5] In the first century B.C., Mahameghavahana, a king of Chedirastra (or Cetarattha, i.e., kingdom of the Chedis ) [ 6 ] conquered Kalinga and Kosala .
By illustrious Kharavela, the Aira (Aila), the Great King, the descendant of Mahameghavahana, the increaser (of the glory) of the Cheti (Chedi) dynasty, (endowed) with excellent and auspicious marks and features, possessed of virtues which have reached (the ends of) the four quarters, overlord of Kalinga,
This dynasty is mentioned in Chullakalinga Jataka and Kalingabodhi Jataka. The last ruler of First Kalinga dynasty is said to have broken away from the Danda kingdom along with the kings of Asmaka and Vidarbha as its feudal states, and established rule of Second Kalinga dynasty. Known rulers are-Dandaki; Mahakalinga; Chullakalinga
Pandya dynasty (6th century BCE - 1345 CE) Some rulers were Jains though not all. Maurya dynasty (322-184 BCE) Mahameghavahana dynasty (250s BCE – 5th century CE) Gupta Dynasty (240 CE - 579 CE) Vakataka dynasty (250 CE - 510 CE) Kadamba Dynasty (345–525 CE) Western Ganga Dynasty (350 CE – 1000) Chalukyas of Badami (543 CE - 753 CE)
Kharavela is then stated to have sacked the capital Pataliputra, and reclaimed the Jain idols and treasures that had been plundered from Kalinga and taken to Pataliputra. Based on the chronology and date during 1st century BC , it is postulated that Menander was the one leading the Indo-Greeks during Kharavela's reign.
Hātigumfā inscription of Emperor Kharavela at Udayagiri Hills. Mahamegha Vahana was the founder of the Kalingan Chedi or Cheti dynasty. [9] [10] The names of Sobhanaraja, Chandraja, Ksemaraja also appear in context. [11] But, Kharavela is the most well known among them. The exact relation between Mahamegha Vahana and Kharavela is not known ...
In layman and academic parlance, the name of a dynasty is often affixed before the common name of a state in reference to a state under the rule of a particular dynasty. For example, whereas the official name of the realm ruled by the Qajar dynasty was the "Sublime State of Iran", the domain is commonly known as " Qajar Iran ".