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  2. Radical substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_substitution

    In organic chemistry, a radical-substitution reaction is a substitution reaction involving free radicals as a reactive intermediate. [1] The reaction always involves at least two steps, and possibly a third. In the first step called initiation (2,3), a free radical is created by homolysis.

  3. Free-radical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-radical_reaction

    Free-radical substitution, for instance free-radical halogenation and autoxidation. Free-radical addition reactions; Intramolecular free radical reactions (substitution or addition) such as the Hofmann–Löffler reaction or the Barton reaction; Free radical rearrangement reactions are rare compared to rearrangements involving carbocations and ...

  4. Free-radical addition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-radical_addition

    Radical addition of hydrogen bromide is a valuable synthetic technique for anti-Markovnikov carbon substitution, [citation needed] but free-radical addition does not occur with the other hydrohalic acids.

  5. Substitution reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_reaction

    Substitution reactions in organic chemistry are classified either as electrophilic or nucleophilic depending upon the reagent involved, whether a reactive intermediate involved in the reaction is a carbocation, a carbanion or a free radical, and whether the substrate is aliphatic or aromatic. Detailed understanding of a reaction type helps to ...

  6. Free-radical halogenation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-radical_halogenation

    In organic chemistry, free-radical halogenation is a type of halogenation. This chemical reaction is typical of alkanes and alkyl-substituted aromatics under application of UV light. The reaction is used for the industrial synthesis of chloroform (CHCl 3), dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2), and hexachlorobutadiene. It proceeds by a free-radical chain ...

  7. Minisci reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minisci_reaction

    It is a nucleophilic radical substitution to an electron deficient aromatic compound, most commonly the introduction of an alkyl group to a nitrogen containing heterocycle. The reaction was published in 1971 by F. Minisci. [1] In the case of N-Heterocycles, the conditions must be acidic to ensure protonation of said heterocycle. [2]

  8. AOL Mail - AOL Help

    help.aol.com/products/aol-webmail

    Get answers to your AOL Mail, login, Desktop Gold, AOL app, password and subscription questions. Find the support options to contact customer care by email, chat, or phone number.

  9. Organic reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_reaction

    Factors governing organic reactions are essentially the same as that of any chemical reaction.Factors specific to organic reactions are those that determine the stability of reactants and products such as conjugation, hyperconjugation and aromaticity and the presence and stability of reactive intermediates such as free radicals, carbocations and carbanions.