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The culture of Mongolia has been shaped by the country's nomadic tradition and its position at the crossroads of various empires and civilizations. Mongolian culture is influenced by the cultures of the Mongolic , Turkic , and East Asian peoples, as well as by the country's geography and its history of political and economic interactions with ...
Islam in Mongolia is the religion of 105,500 people as of the 2020 census, corresponding to 3.2% of the population. [1] It is mostly the religion of the Kazakh ethnic minority residing in the areas of Bayan-Ölgii Province and Khovd Province in western Mongolia. However, Kazakh communities may be found in cities and towns throughout all Mongolia.
Mongolian shamanism, known as the Böö Mörgöl (Бөө мөргөл [pɵː ˈmɵrkʊ̆ɬ]) in Mongolian and more broadly called the Mongolian folk religion [1] or occasionally Tengerism, [2] [note 2] refers to the animistic and shamanic ethnic religion that has been practiced in Mongolia and its surrounding areas (including Buryatia and Inner Mongolia) at least since the age of recorded history.
Mounted Mongol nomads holding horse lassos. Mongolian nomads have long been considered to be some of the best horsemen in the world. During the time of Genghis Khan, Mongol horse archers were capable of feats such as sliding down the side of their horse to shield their body from enemy arrows, while simultaneously holding their bow under the horse's chin and returning fire, all at full gallop.
These myths date from the 17th century when Yellow Shamanism (Tibetan Buddhism using shamanistic forms) was established in Mongolia. Black Shamanism and White Shamanism from pre-Buddhist times survive only in far-northern Mongolia (around Lake Khuvsgul ) and the region around Lake Baikal where Lamaist persecution had not been effective.
Buddhism is the largest religion in Mongolia practiced by 51.7% of Mongolia's population, according to the 2020 Mongolia census. [1] Buddhism in Mongolia derives much of its recent characteristics from Tibetan Buddhism of the Gelug and Kagyu lineages, but is distinct and presents its own unique characteristics.
The Mongolian pastoralist lifestyle may in part be derived from the Western Steppe Herders, but without much geneflow between these two groups, suggesting cultural transmission. [18] [19] In various times Mongolic peoples have been equated with the Scythians, the Magog, and the Tungusic peoples.
Mongolian shamanism has been widely practiced throughout the history of what is now Mongolia, with similar beliefs being common among the nomads of central Asia. They gradually gave way to Tibetan Buddhism , but shamanism has left a mark on Mongolian religious culture, and it continues to be practiced.