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This is a timeline of Amazon history, which dates back at least 11,000 years ago, when humans left indications of their presence in Caverna da Pedra Pintada. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Here is a brief timeline of historical events in the Amazon River valley.
The Amazon River (UK: / ˈ æ m ə z ən /, US: / ˈ æ m ə z ɒ n /; Spanish: Río Amazonas, Portuguese: Rio Amazonas) in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the longest or second-longest river system in the world, a title which is disputed with the Nile.
Between 1648 and 1652, Antônio Raposo Tavares, a bandeirante from São Paulo, set off on his journey up the Paraguay river basin, reached Guaporé (now Rondônia), crossed the Altiplano, and traveled down the Amazon river to Gurupá, in Pará, near its mouth. It was the first Luso-Brazilian expedition of extensive reconnaissance.
The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about 7,000,000 km 2 (2,700,000 sq mi), [ 1 ] or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent.
c. 2.4 Ma – The Amazon River takes its present shape in South America. c. 2.0–1.5 Ma – The basin of the Congo River acquires its present shape. c. 1.9 Ma – Oldest known Homo erectus fossils. This species might be evolved some time before, up to c. 2 Ma ago. c. 1.7 Ma – Australopithecines go extinct.
The Roosevelt–Rondon Scientific Expedition (Portuguese: Expedição Científica Rondon–Roosevelt) was a survey expedition in 1913–14 to follow the path of the Rio da Dúvida ("River of Doubt") in the Amazon basin.
The Upano Valley sites are a cluster of archaeological sites in the Amazon rainforest. They are located in the Upano River valley in Morona-Santiago Province in eastern Ecuador. The sites comprise several cities; they are believed to have been inhabited as early as 500 BC, predating any other known complex Amazonian society by over a millennium ...
1541–42 – Francisco de Orellana sails down the length of the Amazon River. [41] 1542–43 – Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo explores the coasts of modern Baja and California from Punta Baja to the Russian River, reaching the Channel Islands; after his death, his second-in-command, Bartolomé Ferrer, reaches Point Arena. [42]