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Furnaces have been a central piece of equipment throughout the history of metallurgy; processing metals with heat is even its own engineering specialty known as pyrometallurgy. One important furnace application, especially in iron and steel production, is smelting , where metal ores are reduced under high heat to separate the metal content from ...
Magnetic levitation can be stabilised using different techniques; here rotation (spin) is used. Magnetic levitation (maglev) or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational force and any other forces. [2]
Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is a secondary melting process for production of metal ingots with elevated chemical and mechanical homogeneity for highly demanding applications. [1] The VAR process has revolutionized the specialty traditional metallurgical techniques industry, and has made possible tightly controlled materials used in biomedical ...
Component of Stirling radioisotope generator is heated by induction during testing. Induction heating is the process of heating electrically conductive materials, namely metals or semi-conductors, by electromagnetic induction, through heat transfer passing through an inductor that creates an electromagnetic field within the coil to heat up and possibly melt steel, copper, brass, graphite, gold ...
Melt spinning is a metal forming technique that is typically used to form thin ribbons of metal or alloys with a particular atomic structure. [ 1 ] Some important commercial applications of melt-spun metals include high-efficiency transformers ( Amorphous metal transformer ), sensory devices, telecommunications equipment, and power electronics.
[1] [2] [3] Induction furnace capacities range from less than one kilogram to one hundred tons, and are used to melt iron and steel, copper, aluminum, and precious metals. The advantage of the induction furnace is a clean, energy-efficient and well-controlled melting process, compared to most other means of metal melting.
Smelting involves more than just melting the metal out of its ore. Most ores are the chemical compound of the metal and other elements, such as oxygen (as an oxide), sulfur (as a sulfide), or carbon and oxygen together (as a carbonate). To extract the metal, workers must make these compounds undergo a chemical reaction.
In nature, iron, copper, lead, nickel, and other metals are found in impure states called ores, often oxidized and mixed in with silicates of other metals. During smelting, when the ore is exposed to high temperatures, these impurities are separated from the molten metal and can be removed. Slag is the collection of compounds that are removed.