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A British cartoon of 1923 satirising Atatürk's rule in Turkey The Conference of Lausanne began on 21 November 1922. Turkey, represented by İsmet İnönü of the GNA, refused any proposal that would compromise Turkish sovereignty, [ 100 ] such as the control of Turkish finances, the Capitulations , the Straits and other issues.
Turkish War of Independence; Part of the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in the aftermath of World War I: Clockwise from top left: Delegation gathered in Sivas Congress to determine the objectives of the Turkish National Movement; Turkish civilians carrying ammunition to the front; Kuva-yi Milliye infantry; Turkish horse cavalry in chase; Turkish Army's capture of Smyrna; troops in Ankara's Ulus ...
This chronology of the Turkish War of Independence (also known as Turkish war of liberation) is a timeline of events during the Turkish War of Independence (1919–1923). The timeline also includes the background events starting with the end of the First World War. The events are classified according to the campaigns and parties involved.
Ataturk: An intellectual biography (2011) Kazancigil, Ali and Ergun Özbudun. Ataturk: Founder of a Modern State (1982) 243pp; Ward, Robert, and Dankwart Rustow, eds. Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey (1964). Yavuz, M. Hakan. Islamic Political Identity in Turkey (2003) Zurcher, Erik. Turkey: A Modern History (2004)
Proclamation of the Republic of Turkey. 29 October Elected first president. 1928 9 August Speaks at Sarayburnu about the new Turkish alphabet. 1932 12 July Founds the Turkish Linguistic Society (now the Turkish Language Association). [2] 1934 16 June The Grand National Assembly of Turkey passes a law granting him the surname "ATATÜRK". 1938 10 ...
Franco-Turkish War (1918–1921) Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) Turkish–Armenian War (1920) Ankara Government Greece France Armenia United Kingdom Istanbul Government Italy: Victory [1] Treaty of Lausanne; Establishment of the Republic of Turkey; Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: Fevzi Çakmak. Rauf Orbay. Fethi Okyar. Sheikh Said rebellion (1927 ...
The Turkish War of Independence forced the Western European powers to return to the negotiating table before the treaty could be ratified. The Western Europeans and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey signed and ratified the new Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, superseding the Treaty of Sèvres and agreeing on most of the territorial issues.
In 2022, nearly 100 000 Russian citizens migrated to Turkey, becoming the first in the list of foreigners who moved to Turkey, meaning an increase of more than 218% from 2021. [91] As of August 2023, the number of refugees of the Syrian civil war in Turkey was estimated to be 3 307 882 people. The number of Syrians had decreased by 205 894 ...