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The Sino-Soviet border conflict was a seven-month undeclared military conflict between the Soviet Union and China in 1969, following the Sino-Soviet split.The most serious border clash, which brought the world's two largest socialist states to the brink of war, occurred near Damansky (Zhenbao) Island on the Ussuri (Wusuli) River in Manchuria.
Zhenbao Island. Zhenbao Island (simplified Chinese: 珍宝岛; traditional Chinese: 珍寶島; pinyin: Zhēnbǎo dǎo; lit. 'Rare Treasure Island') or Damansky Island [2] (Russian: о́стров Дама́нский, romanized: ostrov Damanskiy) is an island in Hulin, [3] Jixi, Heilongjiang Province, China, with an area of only 0.74 square kilometres (0.29 sq mi).
Under the terms of the agreement, the island remained in Russia's possession. Damansky, or Zhenbao Island along the Ussuri River, was the site of the 1969 Damansky Island incident. After the conflict, the Chinese appear to have retained de facto control over the island. The agreement recognized China's de jure as well as de facto control.
The conflict culminated after the Zhenbao Island incident in 1969, when the Soviet Union planned to launch a large-scale nuclear strike on China including its capital Beijing, but eventually called off the attack due to the intervention from the United States. [6] [7] [8] [9]
Other conflicts covered in the museum are the Soviet–Japanese War, Damansky Island Incident, Soviet–Afghan War and the First Chechen War. The collection incorporates banners, paintings, dioramas, medals and decorations, pistols, rifles, uniforms, katanas and other melee weapons from both Russia and abroad. The museum's yard displays tanks ...
Called Zhenbao Island by the Chinese and Damansky Island by the Russians, the disputed land was the site of a battle that was limited to warning shots and troops beating each other with their rifles. No one was killed, but heavy fighting (with 51 battle deaths) would take place on March 2, 1969, with an even bloodier battle starting on March 15.
In March 1969, hostilities between China and Soviet Union erupted at the vicinity of Damansky Island on the Ussuri (Wusuli) River, near Manchuria. On 15 March Leonov led a group of three T-62 tanks of the 135th Motorized Rifle Division to provide support to an army unit against the People's Liberation Army units.
There is a memorial in the town where frontier-guards who died in 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict on Damansky Island are buried. Sino-Soviet tensions following this event led to a campaign of changing Chinese-derived place names in the region, with the town being renamed Dalnerechensk in 1972. [11]