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Orthodontics [a] [b] is a dentistry specialty that addresses the diagnosis, prevention, management, and correction of mal-positioned teeth and jaws, as well as misaligned bite patterns. [2] It may also address the modification of facial growth, known as dentofacial orthopedics .
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Orthodontic technology is a specialty of dental technology that is concerned with the design and fabrication of dental appliances for the treatment of malocclusions, which may be a result of tooth irregularity, disproportionate jaw relationships, or both. There are three main types of orthodontic appliances: active, passive and functional.
Other innovations in orthodontics in the late 19th and early 20th centuries included the first textbook on orthodontics for children, published by J.J. Guilford in 1889, and the use of rubber elastics, pioneered by Calvin S. Case, along with Henry Albert Baker. Today, space age wires (also known as dental arch wires) are used to tighten braces.
A removable appliance is usually used by patients who have high degree of compliance with their orthodontic treatment. Fixed appliances are able to produce very accurate movement in the teeth [ 1 ] Both fixed and removable functional appliances can be used to correct a malocclusion in three planes: Anterior-Posterior, Vertical and Transverse.
Ronald H. Roth (1933 – January 24, 2005) was an American orthodontist who is known for his contributions to orthodontic field. Roth introduced his "Roth Prescription" in 1975 for straight-wire brackets and is also known for his philosophy, which includes the correction of malocclusion in harmony with the functional occlusion.
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In orthodontics, a malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the upper and lower dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close. The English-language term dates from 1864; [ 1 ] Edward Angle (1855–1930), the "father of modern orthodontics", [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ need quotation to verify ] popularised it.