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Units of surface measurement Unit Greek name Equal to Modern equivalent Description pous πούς: 0.095 m 2 (1.02 sq ft) square foot hexapodēs ἑξαπόδης: 36 podes 3.42 m 2 (36.8 sq ft) square six-foot akaina ἄκαινα: 100 podes 9.50 m 2 (102.3 sq ft) rod hēmiektos ἡμίεκτος: 833 + 1 ⁄ 3 podes 79.2 m 2 (853 sq ft) half ...
Detail of a cubit rod in the Museo Egizio of Turin The earliest recorded systems of weights and measures originate in the 3rd or 4th millennium BC. Even the very earliest civilizations needed measurement for purposes of agriculture, construction and trade. Early standard units might only have applied to a single community or small region, with every area developing its own standards for ...
Yojana – a Vedic measure of distance used in ancient India. Its value was about 10 km (6.2 mi), although the exact value is disputed among scholars (between 8 and 13 km or 5 and 8 mi) Its value was about 10 km (6.2 mi), although the exact value is disputed among scholars (between 8 and 13 km or 5 and 8 mi)
Units used to measure mass were: [1] 1 dramme = 3.2 g 1 livre (also known as a pound [2]) (Venetian) = 450 g 1 mina = 1.5 kg 1 royal mine 1.5 kg 1 oka = 0.85331 royal mine = 1.280 kg [1] [2] [3] = 1 stater = 56.32 kg 1 talanton = 150 kg. One cantaro was equal to 44 oke, but the value varied from 112 to 128 lb depending on locality.
Ancient Mesopotamian units of measurement originated in the loosely organized city-states of Early Dynastic Sumer. Each city , kingdom and trade guild had its own standards until the formation of the Akkadian Empire when Sargon of Akkad issued a common standard.
The units of weight or mass were mostly based on factors of 12. Several of the unit names were also the names of coins during the Roman Republic and had the same fractional value of a larger base unit: libra for weight and as for coin. Modern estimates of the libra range from 322 to 329 g (11.4 to 11.6 oz) with 5076 grains or 328.9 g (11.60 oz ...
The ancient Egyptian units of measurement are those used by the dynasties of ancient Egypt prior to its incorporation in the Roman Empire and general adoption of Roman, Greek, and Byzantine units of measurement. The units of length seem to have originally been anthropic, based on various parts of the human body, although these were standardized ...
In 2018, the first of three volumes of the book "Encyclopaedia of Historical Metrology, Weights, and Measures" was published. The book addresses the myriad units of measurement that have arisen through the ages, from weights used by ancient cultures to the scientific units of the modern world. [3]