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Laminated dough is a culinary preparation consisting of many thin layers of dough separated by butter or other solid fat, produced by repeated folding and rolling. Such doughs may contain more than eighty layers. [1] During baking, water in the butter vaporizes and expands, causing the dough to puff up and separate, while the lipids in the ...
Doughs are either nonlaminated, when fat is cut or rubbed into the flour, or else laminated, when fat is repeatedly folded into the dough using a technique called lamination. An example of a nonlaminated pastry would be a pie or tart crust, and brioche. An example of a laminated pastry would be a croissant, danish, or puff pastry.
The dough is repeatedly rolled and folded, rested, re-rolled and folded, encasing solid butter between each resulting layer. This produces a laminated dough . During baking , gaps form between the layers left by the fat melting; the pastry is leavened by steam from the water content of the fat as it expands, puffing the separate layers.
Most dough sheeters can handle a wide variety of dough depending on the machine manufacturer. Most commonly dough sheeting technology is used for the production of laminated dough products like croissants and pastries, but it is also suitable for the production of bread, flatbread and pizza.
A croissant (UK: / ˈ k r w ʌ s ɒ̃, ˈ k r w æ s ɒ̃ /, [1] US: / k r ə ˈ s ɒ n t, k r w ɑː ˈ s ɒ̃ /; French: ⓘ) is a French pastry in a crescent shape made from a laminated yeast dough similar to puff pastry. [2] It is a buttery, flaky, viennoiserie pastry inspired by the shape of the Austrian kipferl, but using the French yeast ...
Kouign-amann (/ ˌ k w iː n æ ˈ m ɑː n /; Breton: [ˌkwiɲ aˈmãn]; pl. kouignoù-amann) is a sweet, round Breton laminated dough pastry, originally made with bread dough (nowadays sometimes viennoiserie dough), containing layers of butter and incorporated sugar, similar in fashion to puff pastry albeit with fewer layers.
Viennoiseries (French: [vjɛnwazʁi]; English: "things in the style of Vienna") are French baked goods made from a yeast-leavened dough in a manner similar to bread, or from puff pastry, but with added ingredients (particularly eggs, butter, milk, cream and sugar), which give them a richer, sweeter character that approaches that of pastry. [1]
Initially, the water in the dough turns to steam in the oven and causes the pastry to rise; then the starch in the flour gelatinizes, thereby solidifying the pastry. [25] Once the choux dough has expanded, it is taken out of the oven; a hole is made in it to let out the steam. The pastry is then placed back in the oven to dry out and become crisp.