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There have been several studies conducted on the success rates of direct and indirect pulp capping using a range of different materials. One study of indirect pulp capping recorded success rates of 98.3% and 95% using bioactive tricalcium silicate [Ca3SiO5]-based dentin substitute and light-activated calcium hydroxide [CA(OH)2]-based liner ...
From the start of plastic production through to 2015, the world produced around 6.3 billion tonnes of plastic waste, only 9% of which has been recycled and only ~1% has been recycled more than once. [33] Of the remaining waste, 12% was incinerated and 79% was either sent to landfills or lost to the environment as pollution. [33]
Sustainable packaging is packaging materials and methods that result in improved sustainability. [2] This involves increased use of life cycle inventory (LCI) and life cycle assessment (LCA) [ 3 ] [ 4 ] to help guide the use of packaging which reduces the environmental impact and ecological footprint .
They are commonly used as pulp capping agents and lining materials for silicate and resin-based filling materials. [3] Calcium-silicate liner used as a pulp capping material. It is usually supplied as two pastes, a glycol salicylate and another paste containing zinc oxide with calcium hydroxide. On mixing, a chelate compound is formed.
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alkaline, cementitious dental repair material. MTA is used for creating apical plugs during apexification, repairing root perforations during root canal therapy, and treating internal root resorption. It can be used for root-end filling material and as pulp capping material.
The base or middle ply is normally made of pulp from bleached or unbleached chemical pulp, chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) or broke (waste paper from a paper machine). CTMP gives more bulk and stiffness. The top ply (inside) is made of bleached chemical pulp. The barrier coating depends on the application and might be applied on both sides.
Molded pulp or molded fiber (also spelled as moulded pulp or moulded fibre) is a packaging material, that is typically made from recycled paperboard and/or newsprint. It is used for protective packaging or for food service trays and beverage carriers. Other typical uses are end caps, trays, plates, bowls and clamshell containers. [1]
Plastic recycling is the processing of plastic waste into other products. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Recycling can reduce dependence on landfill , conserve resources and protect the environment from plastic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.