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  2. Venturi effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_effect

    A flow of air through a pitot tube Venturi meter, showing the columns connected in a manometer and partially filled with water. The meter is "read" as a differential pressure head in cm or inches of water. Video of a Venturi meter used in a lab experiment Idealized flow in a Venturi tube. The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure ...

  3. Venturi flume - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_flume

    In hydrology, a Venturi flume is a device used for measuring the rate of flow of a liquid in situations with large flow rates, such as a river. [1] It is based on the Venturi effect, for which it is named. [2] It was first developed by V.M. Cone in Fort Collins, Colorado. [3] The Venturi flume consists of a flume with a constricted section in ...

  4. Parshall flume - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parshall_flume

    Only the upstream depth needs to be measured to calculate the flow rate. A free flow also induces a hydraulic jump downstream of the flume. Submerged flow occurs when the water surface downstream of the flume is high enough to restrict flow through a flume, submerged flume conditions exist. A backwater buildup effect occurs in a submerged flume.

  5. Pressure head - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_head

    A flow of air through a venturi meter, showing the columns connected in a U-shape (a manometer) and partially filled with water. The meter is "read" as a differential pressure head in centimeters or inches of water. The venturi meter and manometer is a common type of flow meter which can be used in many fluid applications to convert ...

  6. Bernoulli's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernoulli's_principle

    The flow speed of a fluid can be measured using a device such as a Venturi meter or an orifice plate, which can be placed into a pipeline to reduce the diameter of the flow. For a horizontal device, the continuity equation shows that for an incompressible fluid, the reduction in diameter will cause an increase in the fluid flow speed.

  7. Dynamic pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_pressure

    A flow of air through a venturi meter, showing the columns connected in a U-shape (a manometer) and partially filled with water. The meter is "read" as a differential pressure head in cm or inches of water and is equivalent to the difference in velocity head .

  8. Flow measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_measurement

    The coefficient of discharge of Venturi meter ranges from 0.93 to 0.97. The first large-scale Venturi meters to measure liquid flows were developed by Clemens Herschel, who used them to measure small and large flows of water and wastewater beginning at the very end of the 19th century. [6]

  9. Choked flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choked_flow

    Choked flow is a fluid dynamic condition associated with the Venturi effect. When a flowing fluid at a given pressure and temperature passes through a constriction (such as the throat of a convergent-divergent nozzle or a valve in a pipe ) into a lower pressure environment the fluid velocity increases.

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