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A spherometer is an instrument used for the precise measurement of the radius of curvature of a curved surface. Originally, these instruments were primarily used by opticians to measure the curvature of the surface of a lens .
Deep blue ray refers the radius of curvature and the red line segment is the sagitta of the curve (black).. In optics and especially telescope making, sagitta or sag is a measure of the glass removed to yield an optical curve.
Lens clock. A lens clock is a mechanical dial indicator that is used to measure the dioptric power of a lens.It is a specialized version of a spherometer.A lens clock measures the curvature of a surface, but gives the result as an optical power in diopters, assuming the lens is made of a material with a particular refractive index.
Visualization of the sagitta. In geometry, the sagitta (sometimes abbreviated as sag [1]) of a circular arc is the distance from the midpoint of the arc to the midpoint of its chord. [2]
By this method, body diagrams can be derived by pasting organs into one of the "plain" body images shown below. This method requires a graphics editor that can handle transparent images, in order to avoid white squares around the organs when pasting onto the body image.
Radius of curvature sign convention for optical design. Radius of curvature (ROC) has specific meaning and sign convention in optical design.A spherical lens or mirror surface has a center of curvature located either along or decentered from the system local optical axis.
On top is a depiction of a perfect lens without spherical aberration: all incoming rays are focused in the focal point. The bottom example depicts a real lens with spherical surfaces, which produces spherical aberration: The different rays do not meet after the lens in one focal point.
Spirograph is a geometric drawing device that produces mathematical roulette curves of the variety technically known as hypotrochoids and epitrochoids.The well-known toy version was developed by British engineer Denys Fisher and first sold in 1965.