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Lithium toxicity, also known as lithium overdose, is the condition of having too much lithium. Symptoms may include a tremor, increased reflexes, trouble walking, kidney problems, and an altered level of consciousness. Some symptoms may last for a year after levels return to normal. Complications may include serotonin syndrome. [1]
Serious side effects include hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus, and lithium toxicity. [5] Blood level monitoring is recommended to decrease the risk of potential toxicity. [ 5 ] If levels become too high, diarrhea, vomiting, poor coordination, sleepiness, and ringing in the ears may occur. [ 5 ]
Lithium-rich clays are the third major source of lithium, although they are far less abundant than salt brines and hard-rock ores containing lithium. To be exact, lithium-rich clays make up less than 2% of the world's lithium products. [16] For comparison, brine extraction represents 39% and hard-rock ores represent 59% of the lithium ...
Metal toxicity or metal poisoning is the toxic effect of certain metals in certain forms and doses on life. Some metals are toxic when they form poisonous soluble compounds. Certain metals have no biological role, i.e. are not essential minerals, or are toxic when in a certain form. [ 1 ]
Signs and symptoms of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and ataxia. [3] The most common side effects are lethargy and weight gain (up to 2 kilograms (4.4 lb)). [4] The less common side effects of using lithium are blurred vision, a slight tremble in the hands, and a feeling of being mildly ill.
Taking lithium salts has risks and side effects. Extended use of lithium to treat mental disorders has been known to lead to acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. [16] Lithium intoxication can affect the central nervous system and renal system and can be lethal. [17]
While Cade's results appeared highly promising, side effects of lithium in some cases led to non-compliance. The toxicity of lithium led to several deaths of patients undergoing lithium treatment. The problem of toxicity was greatly reduced when suitable tests were developed to measure the lithium level in the blood.
For antihypertensive drugs, diuretics causes sodium loss, which reduces the renal clearance of lithium, while symptoms of lithium toxicity have also been reported when methyldopa is used together with lithium. [15] NSAIDs have similar effects to diuretics drugs, which is decreasing the renal clearance of lithium. Some other drugs decrease the ...