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Map of the area. The Georgian Military Road or Georgian Military Highway [a] also known as Ghalghaï Military Road, [2] [b] is the historic name for a major route through the Caucasus from Georgia to Russia. Alternative routes across the mountains include the Ossetian Military Road and the Transcaucasian Highway.
At Kobi the highway joins the Terek river which runs through the Dariali Gorge to Russia. Via a few small villages the highway reaches Stepantsminda, the (administrative) center of Kazbegi Municipality and the site of the iconic Gergeti Trinity Church which looms over the Georgian Military Road from above. For many overland travellers it is the ...
Roads of "international importance" in Georgia European and Asian highways through Georgia. Since the introduction of the current system, the Georgian network of numbered roads has been gradually expanding. In 2011, the S13 was added as an S-trunk highway, promoted from an Sh-road, after the decision to open a new border crossing with Turkey ...
The E117 starts from Mineralnye Vody, Russia, via the Georgian Military Road to Georgia's capital Tbilisi, via the Armenian capital Yerevan and on to Meghri on the border of Iran. It runs for a total distance of 1,050 km (650 mi). Between Mineralnye Vody and Beslan, it is concurrent with E50 and Russian highway M29.
The Chechens used this for winter pasture until the Russians pushed them south. Between the Terek and the mountains was a 30–70 km belt of forested flat country which has now been cleared for agriculture. The western boundary is the Georgian Military Highway which follows the north-flowing upper Terek River.
The network of S trunk roads has a total length of approximately 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) which is mostly built as two-lane highway. About 200 kilometres (120 mi) kilometers of the central east-west S1 and a limited section of the S12 has been upgraded to expressway or motorway with two lanes in each direction.
The route later became part of the Jackson Highway; Hernández–Capron Trail, a military trail cut through Central Florida for the Second Seminole War by General Joseph Marion Hernández; Hubbardton Military Road, an American Revolutionary War trail connecting fortifications on Lake Champlain with settlements; Macleod-Benton Trail
The Georgian Military Highway, crossing the mountains, was constructed in 1799 to link the city with Georgia to the south, and in 1875 a railway was built to connect it to Rostov-on-Don and Baku in Azerbaijan. Vladikavkaz has become an important industrial centre for the region, with smelting, refining, chemicals and manufacturing industries.