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Hashiwokakero (橋をかけろ Hashi o kakero; lit. "build bridges!") is a type of logic puzzle published by Nikoli. [1] It has also been published in English under the name Bridges or Chopsticks (based on a mistranslation: the hashi of the title, 橋, means bridge; hashi written with another character, 箸, means chopsticks).
American bridge teams in the late 1930s and 1940s won world championships using Standard American. Modifications began to appear from the 1950s forward. Before the year 2000, new bidding systems evolved, including "2/1 Game Forcing" which are otherwise substantial departures from early Standard American methods. Most tournament pairs now ...
The first Laws of Duplicate Contract Bridge were published in 1928. [1] They were revised in 1933, 1935, 1943, 1949, 1963, 1975, 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017. [2] The Laws are effective worldwide for all duplicate bridge tournaments sponsored by WBF, zonal, national and subordinate organizations (which includes most bridge clubs).
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In contract bridge and particularly in duplicate bridge a convention card is a summary of the conventions and treatments that a particular pair is using. [1] The Laws of Duplicate Bridge specify that "Each partnership has a duty to make available its partnership understandings to opponents before commencing play against them."
The book is aimed at beginners, with each chapter outlining a single convention, including takeout doubles, negative doubles, and cuebid raises. [1] All chapters are followed by a quiz. Since its publication, the book has sold over 300,000 copies, [ 2 ] and won the American Bridge Teachers' Association Book of the Year (Student) award. [ 3 ]
A traveling scoreslip (also called a traveler) is a form used for recording the results of each deal in a duplicate bridge tournament. [1] In these tournaments, the four hands of each deal are placed into a board so that the same deal can be played by different competitors. Each time the deal (or board) is played, the result is entered into the ...
Brown sticker is a category of contract bridge conventional agreements defined by the World Bridge Federation (WBF). [1] Brown sticker conventions are considered to be difficult to defend against, and thus are permitted only at high levels of tournament play. Only highly unusual methods (HUMs) have a higher classification.