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Concerns about the health effects of BPA have led some manufacturers replacing it with other bisphenols, such as bisphenol S and bisphenol F. These are produced in a similar manner to BPA, by replacing acetone with other compounds, which undergo analogous condensation reactions. [7] Thus, in bisphenol F, the F signifies formaldehyde. Health ...
Epoxy resins derived from bisphenol A are used as coatings on the inside of almost all food and beverage cans; [13] however, due to BPA health concerns, in Japan epoxy coating was mostly replaced by PET film. [14] Bisphenol A is a preferred color developer in carbonless copy paper and thermal point of sale receipt paper.
Exceptions include bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents. Bisphenol A is the most popular representative of the group, with millions of metric tons produced globally in the past decade, often simply called "bisphenol".
The main polycarbonate material is produced by the reaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and phosgene COCl 2. The overall reaction can be written as follows: The first step of the synthesis involves treatment of bisphenol A with sodium hydroxide, which deprotonates the hydroxyl groups of the bisphenol A. [6] (HOC 6 H 4) 2 CMe 2 + 2 NaOH → Na 2 (OC 6 ...
Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether slowly hydrolyzes to 2,2-bis[4(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl)propane (bis-HPPP). Similarly, DGEBA reacts with acrylic acid to give vinyl ester resins . The reaction results in opening of the epoxide ring, generating unsaturated esters at each terminus of the molecule.
A freshwater aquatic food web. The blue arrows show a complete food chain (algae → daphnia → gizzard shad → largemouth bass → great blue heron). A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community.
BPA (Bisphenol A) is the monomer used to manufacture polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins used as a lining in most food and beverage cans. BPA global capacity is in excess of 6.4 billion pounds (2.9 × 10 9 kg) per year and thus is one of the highest-volume chemicals produced worldwide. [ 81 ]
Bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate is a halogen-free flame retardant used plastics. It is used in polymer blends of engineering plastics, such as PPO/HIPS and PC/ABS, [1] which are commonly used to make casing for electrical items like TVs, computers and home appliances. It is formed by the transesterification of bisphenol A with triphenyl phosphate.