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Copy-on-write (COW), also called implicit sharing [1] or shadowing, [2] is a resource-management technique [3] used in programming to manage shared data efficiently. Instead of copying data right away when multiple programs use it, the same data is shared between programs until one tries to modify it.
This is a list of free and open-source software (FOSS) packages, computer software licensed under free software licenses and open-source licenses.Software that fits the Free Software Definition may be more appropriately called free software; the GNU project in particular objects to their works being referred to as open-source. [1]
While std::string standardized strings, legacy applications still commonly contain such custom string types and libraries may expect C-style strings, making it "virtually impossible" to avoid using multiple string types in C++ programs [1] and requiring programmers to decide on the desired string representation ahead of starting a project. [4]
Flow diagram. In computing, serialization (or serialisation, also referred to as pickling in Python) is the process of translating a data structure or object state into a format that can be stored (e.g. files in secondary storage devices, data buffers in primary storage devices) or transmitted (e.g. data streams over computer networks) and reconstructed later (possibly in a different computer ...
Many languages allow generic copying by one or either strategy, defining either one copy operation or separate shallow copy and deep copy operations. [1] Note that even shallower is to use a reference to the existing object A, in which case there is no new object, only a new reference. The terminology of shallow copy and deep copy dates to ...
^The current default format is binary. ^ The "classic" format is plain text, and an XML format is also supported. ^ Theoretically possible due to abstraction, but no implementation is included.
A shift-reduce parser is a class of efficient, table-driven bottom-up parsing methods for computer languages and other notations formally defined by a grammar.The parsing methods most commonly used for parsing programming languages, LR parsing and its variations, are shift-reduce methods. [1]
Protocol Buffers (Protobuf) is a free and open-source cross-platform data format used to serialize structured data. It is useful in developing programs that communicate with each other over a network or for storing data.