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Congenital, simple and pathological myopia are the clinical types of myopia. [5] Various forms of myopia have been described by their clinical appearance: [64] [69] [70] Simple myopia: Myopia in an otherwise normal eye, typically less than 4.00 to 6.00 diopters. [71] This is the most common form of myopia.
Refractive surgery is an optional eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses.This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea (keratomileusis), lens implantation or lens replacement.
The Bates method is an ineffective and potentially dangerous alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates (1860–1931) held the erroneous belief that the extraocular muscles caused changes in focus and that "mental strain" caused abnormal action of these muscles; hence he believed that relieving such "strain" would cure defective vision.
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]
Radial keratotomy (RK) is a refractive surgical procedure to correct myopia (nearsightedness). It was developed in 1974 by Svyatoslav Fyodorov, a Russian ophthalmologist. It has been largely supplanted by newer, more accurate operations, such as photorefractive keratectomy, LASIK, Epi-LASIK and the phakic intraocular lens. [1]
For extreme nearsightedness, the eyes appear small and sunken into the face, and the sides of the skull can be visible through the lens. This gives the wearer the appearance of having a very large or fat head in contrast with their eyes. For extreme farsightedness the eyes appear very large on the face, making the wearer's head seem too small.
Vision therapy (VT), or behavioral optometry, is an umbrella term for alternative medicine treatments using eye exercises, based around the pseudoscientific claim that vision problems are the true underlying cause of learning difficulties, particularly in children. [1]
The Tibetan eye chart is a tool allegedly developed by Tibetan monks. [ 1 ] [ unreliable source? ] [ 2 ] [ unreliable source? ] [ 3 ] [ unreliable source? ] According to some authors, it can be used to train the muscles and nerves of the optical system, correcting visual problems.