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Iron deficiency, or sideropenia, is the state in which a body lacks enough iron to supply its needs. Iron is present in all cells in the human body and has several vital functions, such as carrying oxygen to the tissues from the lungs as a key component of the hemoglobin protein, acting as a transport medium for electrons within the cells in the form of cytochromes, and facilitating oxygen ...
A moderate degree of iron-deficiency anemia affects approximately 610 million people worldwide or 8.8% of the population. [75] It is slightly more common in females (9.9%) than males (7.8%). [75] Up to 15% of children ages 1–3 years have iron deficiency anemia. [48] Mild iron deficiency anemia affects another 375 million. [75]
The most common type is iron-deficiency anemia, in which a lack of iron leads to a reduction in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin. This can impair oxygen transport throughout the body.
Anemia affects 27% of the world's population with iron-deficiency anemia accounting for more than 60% of it. [116] A moderate degree of iron-deficiency anemia affected approximately 610 million people worldwide or 8.8% of the population. [14] It is somewhat more common in females (9.9%) than males (7.8%). [14]
Red blood cells normally survive an average of about 120 days, becoming damaged (their oxygen-carrying capacity becomes compromised) as they age.
Nutritional anemia can be caused by a lack of iron, protein, vitamin B12, and other vitamins and minerals that are needed for the formation of hemoglobin. However, Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder. [7] Signs of anemia include cyanosis, jaundice, and easy bruising. [7]
To confirm that the anemia is the result of iron deficiency, doctors will cross reference the results of the CBC with a ferritin test and a full iron panel, she says. How is iron deficiency diagnosed?
Iron supplements, also known as iron salts and iron pills, are a number of iron formulations used to treat and prevent iron deficiency including iron deficiency anemia. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] For prevention they are only recommended in those with poor absorption , heavy menstrual periods , pregnancy , hemodialysis , or a diet low in iron.
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