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D50 – 50% dextrose in water; The percentage is a mass concentration, so a 5% glucose/dextrose solution contains 50 g/L of glucose/dextrose (5 g per 100 ml). This usage is imprecise but widely used, as discussed at Mass concentration (chemistry) § Usage in biology. Glucose provides energy 4 kcal/gram, so a 5% glucose solution provides 0.2 kcal/ml
Acid-citrate-dextrose or acid-citrate-dextrose solution (ACD; also known as anticoagulant-citrate-dextrose or anticoagulant-citrate-dextrose solution) is any solution of citric acid, sodium citrate, and dextrose in water. It is mainly used as an anticoagulant (in yellow top tubes) [1] to preserve blood specimens required for tissue typing.
Ideally each patient is assessed individually before commencing on parenteral nutrition, and a team consisting of specialised doctors, nurses, clinical pharmacists, and registered dietitians evaluate the patient's individual data and decide what PN formula to use and at what infusion rate.
Dextrose monohydrate is the hydrated form of D-glucose, meaning that it is a glucose molecule with an additional water molecule attached. [39] Its chemical formula is C 6 H 12 O 6 · H 2 O. [39] [40] Dextrose monohydrate is also called hydrated D-glucose, and commonly manufactured from plant starches.
Hyperglycemic clamp technique: The plasma glucose concentration is acutely raised to 125 mg/dl above basal levels by a continuous infusion of glucose. This hyperglycemic plateau is maintained by adjustment of a variable glucose infusion, based on the rate of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Because the plasma glucose concentration is ...
Dextran is a complex branched glucan (polysaccharide derived from the condensation of glucose), originally derived from wine. IUPAC defines dextrans as "Branched poly-α-d-glucosides of microbial origin having glycosidic bonds predominantly C-1 → C-6". [1] Dextran chains are of varying lengths (from 3 to 2000 kilodaltons).
Even after pancreatectomy, continuous glucose may be needed in the form of gastric infusion of formula or dextrose. High dose glucocorticoid is an older treatment used for presumptive transient hyperinsulinism but incurs side effects with prolonged use.
The 30% concentration is not approved for direct intravenous infusion, but should be mixed with amino acids and dextrose as part of a total nutrient admixture. Medical uses [ edit ]