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Fundal height, or McDonald's rule, is a measure of the size of the uterus used to assess fetal growth and development during pregnancy. It is measured from the top of the mother's uterus to the top of the mother's pubic symphysis.
The size of the uterus is assessed at the initial visit, and the growth of the uterus is assessed at subsequent visits. In the first trimester the uterine size can be assessed on bimanual examination. Subsequently, beyond the 12th week of gestation, the uterus can be felt above the pubic bone, and abdominal examinations assess growth. [24]
The International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) recommends that pregnant women have routine obstetric ultrasounds between 18 weeks' and 22 weeks' gestational age (the anatomy scan) in order to confirm pregnancy dating, to measure the fetus so that growth abnormalities can be recognized quickly later in pregnancy ...
These sounds are intended for probing a woman's uterus through the cervix, to measure the length and direction of the cervical canal and uterus. Dilators are primarily used to open and dilate the cervix to gain access to the uterine cavity, but can also be used as sounds.
First, there are several points in the procedure that can cause pain (or maybe just make a patient woozy to think about): opening the vagina, stabilizing the cervix, stretching open the cervix ...
A second study by the same group showed significant variations in size and shape between the vaginas of women of different ethnic groups. [4] Both studies showed a wide range of vaginal shapes, described by the researchers as "Parallel sided, conical, heart, [...] slug" [3] and "pumpkin seed" [4] shapes. Barnhart et al., however, were not able ...
In 2019, a woman living in Bangladesh with a double uterus gave birth to three babies — first, a baby from one uterus, and then, 26 days later, twins from her second uterus.
In obstetrics, Leopold maneuvers are a common and systematic way to determine the position of a fetus inside the woman's uterus. They are named after the gynecologist Christian Gerhard Leopold. They are also used to estimate term fetal weight. [1] The maneuvers consist of four distinct actions, each helping to determine the position of the fetus.