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A desktop environment is a collection of software designed to give functionality and a certain look and feel to an operating system.. This article applies to operating systems which are capable of running the X Window System, mostly Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux, Minix, illumos, Solaris, AIX, FreeBSD and Mac OS X. [1]
GNOME Shell is the graphical shell of the GNOME desktop environment starting with version 3, [5] which was released on April 6, 2011. It provides basic functions like launching applications and switching between windows .
Debian (LMDE), Ubuntu (main editions) desktop None Active Linux Lite: Jerry Bezencon Linux Lite Team 2012 7.2 [47] ? 2024-10-31 X Ubuntu: desktop None Active Mageia: Mageia Community mageia.org 2010 9 [48] 1 year 2023-09-04 X Mandriva Linux general None Active Mandriva Linux: Mandrakesoft S.A. Mandriva S.A. 1998 2011.0 [49] ? 2011-08-28 X Red ...
The elementaryOS team created the Pantheon desktop environment as a new GTK-based desktop environment distinct from GNOME. Built from scratch, Pantheon aims to provide a user-friendly and visually appealing aesthetic, focusing on a cohesive and minimal design, and integrating tightly with the elementaryOS ecosystem.
Debian 12 (Bookworm) with GNOME. Debian 12 (Bookworm) was released on 10 June 2023. [68] It is based on Linux kernel v6.1 LTS, and uses GNOME 43 as its default desktop environment, but as usual many other desktops are available, such as KDE Plasma 5.27, LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.26, and Xfce 4.18. [282]
The MATE desktop environment, a fork of GNOME 2, is comparable to Xfce in its use of RAM and processor cycles, but is often considered more as an alternative to other lightweight desktop environments. For a while, GNOME and KDE enjoyed the status of the most popular Linux desktop environments; later, other desktop environments grew in popularity.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 March 2025. List of software distributions using the Linux kernel This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this ...
Besides the Linux distributions designed for general-purpose use on desktops and servers, distributions may be specialized for different purposes including computer architecture support, embedded systems, stability, security, localization to a specific region or language, targeting of specific user groups, support for real-time applications, or commitment to a given desktop environment.