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Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [1] is a method for cleaning out tooth decay (dental caries) from teeth using only hand instruments (dental hatchet and spoon-excavator) and placing a filling. It does not use rotary dental instruments ( dental drills ) to prepare the tooth and can be performed in settings with no access to dental equipment.
It does not resorb, and is biocompatible, forming a seal against the tooth material that minimizes leakage. [1] Originally, MTA was dark gray in color, but white versions have been on the market since 2002. Bismuth oxide, which was added as a radioopacifier (to make the filling stand out on X-rays), [citation needed] can discolour the teeth. [3]
They can be used in direct restorations to fill in the cavities created by dental caries and trauma, minor buildup for restoring tooth wear (non-carious tooth surface loss) and filling in small gaps between teeth (labial veneer). Dental composites are also used as indirect restoration to make crowns and inlays in the laboratory.
The tooth is then washed and dried, and the protective material placed, followed finally by a dental restoration which gives a bacteria-tight seal to prevent infection. [ 4 ] Since pulp capping is not always successful in maintaining the vitality of the pulp, the dentist will usually keep the status of the tooth under review for about a year ...
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In dentistry, inlays and onlays are used to fill cavities, [1] and then cemented in place in the tooth. This is an alternative to a direct restoration , made out of composite, amalgam or glass ionomer , that is built up within the mouth.
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