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In Canada, hand-held GMRS radios up to 2 watts have been approved for use without a license since September 2004. [21] Typically these are dual FRS and GMRS units, with fixed antennas, and operating at 2 watts on some GMRS channels and 0.5 watts on the FRS-only channels.
FRS radios use narrow-band frequency modulation (NBFM) with a maximum deviation of 2.5 kilohertz. The channels are spaced at 12.5 kilohertz intervals. All 22 channels are shared with GMRS radios. Initially, the FRS radios were limited to 500 milliwatts across all channels. However, after May 18, 2017, the limit is increased to 2 watts on ...
MURS range will vary, depending on antenna size and placement. With an external antenna, ranges of 10 miles (16 km) or more can be expected. [8] Since MURS radios use frequencies in the VHF business band, they are subject to obstructions in line of sight, which includes the curvature of the Earth.
As with FRS/GMRS and PMR446, the use of tone squelch systems such as CTCSS/DCS is encouraged. Like the PMR446, LPD433, Japan's 421–422 MHz SLPR service and KDR444 services, use of these frequencies in countries such as the United States is illegal without an amateur radio license as they fall within the 420–450 MHz 70 cm ham radio allocation.
An individual license is still required under GMRS rules. A few manufacturers added these DOT frequencies to Business radios in the 1990s to have more "channels" and aid in selling radios. Part 90 (Business) and Part 95 (GMRS) frequencies are not interchangeable and are not to be used under the same guidelines.
These frequencies may have evolved because tuned circuits (particularly antennas) work best in the middle of the band; the frequency for channel 19 (not channel 20) is the center of the 40 channel US band and other things being equal, signals will be transmitted and heard the farthest.
The nominal "15 m" band actually ranges from 14.28–13.98 m. By common sense, the "15 m" band ought to be called "14 m", but that name has been in longtime use for a shortwave broadcast band. 80 metres or 80 / 75 meters – 3 500–4 000 kHz – 85.65–74.95 m actual; Best at night, with significant daytime signal absorption.
Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment; current: 20:22, 4 February 2023: 512 × 640 (12 KB): Mckoss: Correction to GMRS power level 462 MHz interstitial (2 to 5 watts)
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