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A spermatozoon (/ s p ər ˌ m æ t ə ˈ z oʊ. ən, ˌ s p ɜːr m ə t ə-/; [1] also spelled spermatozoön; pl.: spermatozoa; from Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma) 'seed' and ζῷον (zôion) 'animal') is a motile sperm cell produced by male animals relying on internal fertilization.
Sperm Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis , during which the spermatids develop into mature spermatozoa . At the beginning of the stage, the spermatid is a more or less circular cell containing a nucleus , Golgi apparatus , centriole and mitochondria ; by the end of the process, it has radically transformed into an elongated ...
The resulting spermatozoa are now mature but lack motility. The mature spermatozoa are released from the protective Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule in a process called spermiation. The non-motile spermatozoa are transported to the epididymis in testicular fluid secreted by the Sertoli cells with the aid of peristaltic ...
The human sperm cell is haploid, so that its 23 chromosomes can join the 23 chromosomes of the female egg to form a diploid cell with 46 paired chromosomes. In mammals, sperm is stored in the epididymis and released through the penis in semen during ejaculation. The word sperm is derived from the Greek word σπέρμα, sperma, meaning "seed".
A 1992 World Health Organization report described normal human semen as having a volume of 2 mL or greater, pH of 7.2 to 8.0, sperm concentration of 20×10 6 spermatozoa/mL or more, sperm count of 40×10 6 spermatozoa per ejaculate or more, and motility of 50% or more with forward progression (categories a and b) of 25% or more with rapid ...
The major reproductive organs of the male can be grouped into three categories. The first category produces and stores sperm (spermatozoa). These are produced in the testicles, which are housed in the temperature-regulating scrotum; immature sperm then travel to the epididymides for development and storage.
If this sperm cell contains an X chromosome it will coincide with the X chromosome of the ovum and a female child will develop. A sperm cell carrying a Y chromosome results in an XY combination, and a male child will develop. [3] Genetic sex determines whether the gonads will be testes or ovaries.
In humans and other species that produce two morphologically distinct types of gametes, and in which each individual produces only one type, a female is any individual that produces the larger type of gamete called an ovum, and a male produces the smaller type, called a sperm cell or spermatozoon. Sperm cells are small and motile due to the ...