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Self-harm refers to intentional behaviors that cause harm to oneself. This is most commonly regarded as direct injury of one's own skin tissues, usually without suicidal intention. [1] [2] [3] Other terms such as cutting, self-injury, and self-mutilation have been used for any self-harming behavior regardless of suicidal intent.
A self-inflicted wound (SIW) or self-inflicted injury (SII) is a physical injury done to oneself. This may occur in contexts including: Suicide or suicide attempt [1] Self-harm (non-suicidal self-injury) [1] As a result of an organic brain syndrome [2]: S82 Pursuit of an ulterior motive, including: To avoid military service [3]: 96
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Many self-inflicted wound reports during World War I placed soldiers under suspicion for injuries that could have been genuine accidents. [2] During World War II, almost all armies (in particular, the Soviet Army and the Wehrmacht) had cases of self-inflicted injury. During the meeting of high commanders of the Soviet Army after the Winter War ...
A 1985 National Research Council report entitled Injury in America [2] recommended that United States Congress establish a new program at the CDC to address the problem of injury. Initially the program was supported with funds from the United States Department of Transportation. In 1990 Congress passed the Injury Control Act which authorized ...
The study of suicide methods aims to identify those commonly used, and the groups at risk of suicide; making methods less accessible may be useful in suicide prevention. [4] [3] [11] Limiting the availability of means such as pesticides and firearms is recommended by a World Health Report on suicide and its prevention.
SMART Recovery is based on scientific knowledge and is intended to evolve as scientific knowledge evolves. [4] The program uses principles of motivational interviewing, found in motivational enhancement therapy (MET), [5] and techniques taken from rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), as well as scientifically validated research on treatment. [6]
Self-embedding is the insertion of foreign objects either into soft tissues under the skin or into muscle. [1] Self-embedding is typically considered deliberate self-harm, also known as nonsuicidal self-injury, which is defined as "deliberate, direct destruction of tissues without suicidal intent."