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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a space telescope designed to conduct infrared astronomy. As the largest telescope in space, it is equipped with high-resolution and high-sensitivity instruments, allowing it to view objects too old, distant , or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope . [ 9 ]
The NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph) is one of the four scientific instruments flown on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). [2] The JWST is the follow-on mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and is developed to receive more information about the origins of the universe by observing infrared light from the first stars and galaxies.
Infographic of JWST instruments and their observation ranges of light by wavelength. NIRCam has two complete optical systems for redundancy. [3] The two sides can operate at the same time, and view two separate patches of sky; the two sides are called side A and side B. [3] The lenses used in the internal optics are triplet refractors. [3]
The James Webb Space Telescope's cryocooler is based originally on the TRW ACTDP cryocooler. [12] However, the JWST has had to develop a version to handle higher thermal loads. [13] It has a multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator that chills an even more powerful cooler. [12] That is a linear-motion Oxford-style compressor that powers a J-T loop. [13]
In frequency (and thus energy), UV rays sit between the violet end of the visible spectrum and the X-ray range. The UV wavelength spectrum ranges from 399 nm to 10 nm and is divided into 3 sections: UVA, UVB, and UVC. UV is the lowest energy range energetic enough to ionize atoms, separating electrons from them, and thus causing chemical reactions.
Deep space observations of the JWST have revealed that the structure and masses of very early Universe galaxies at high redshifts (z ∼ 15), existing at ∼0.3 Gyr after the Big Bang, may be as evolved as the galaxies in existence for ∼ 10 Gyr. The JWST findings are thus in strong tension with the CDM cosmological model.
Diagram of part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Far infrared (FIR) or long wave refers to a specific range within the infrared spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.It encompasses radiation with wavelengths ranging from 15 μm (micrometers) to 1 mm, which corresponds to a frequency range of approximately 20 THz to 300 GHz.
where λ is the wavelength of the observed radiation, and D is the diameter of the telescope's objective. The resulting R is in radians. For example, in the case of yellow light with a wavelength of 580 nm, for a resolution of 0.1 arc second, we need D=1.2 m. Sources larger than the angular resolution are called extended sources or diffuse ...