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Chaos (Ancient Greek: χάος, romanized: Kháos) is the mythological void state preceding the creation of the universe (the cosmos) in ancient near eastern cosmology and early Greek cosmology. It can also refer to an early state of the cosmos constituted of nothing but undifferentiated and indistinguishable matter.
Hesiod's Theogony, (c. 700 BCE) which could be considered the "standard" creation myth of Greek mythology, [1] tells the story of the genesis of the gods. After invoking the Muses (II.1–116), Hesiod says the world began with the spontaneous generation of four beings: first arose Chaos (Chasm); then came Gaia (the Earth), "the ever-sure foundation of all"; "dim" Tartarus (the Underworld), in ...
Hesiod (/ ˈhiːsiəd / HEE-see-əd or / ˈhɛsiəd / HEH-see-əd; [3] Greek: Ἡσίοδος Hēsíodos; fl. c. 700 BC) was an ancient Greek poet generally thought to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer. [1][2] Several of Hesiod's works have survived in their entirety.
Hesiod made an abstraction because his original chaos is something completely indefinite. [106] By contrast, in the Orphic cosmogony the unaging Chronos produced Aether and Chaos and made a silvery egg in divine Aether. From it appeared the androgynous god Phanes, identified by the Orphics as Eros, who becomes the creator of the world. [107]
Hesiod's Theogony tells how, after Chaos, "wide-bosomed" Gaia (Earth) arose to be the everlasting seat of the immortals who possess Olympus above. [33] And after Gaia came "dim Tartarus in the depth of the wide-pathed Earth", and next Eros the god of love. [ 34 ]
Tartarus is the place where, according to Plato 's Gorgias (c. 400 BC), souls are judged after death and where the wicked received divine punishment. Tartarus appears in early Greek cosmology, such as in Hesiod 's Theogony, where the personified Tartarus is described as one of the earliest beings to exist, alongside Chaos and Gaia (Earth).
Achlys / ˈæklɪs / (Ancient Greek: Ἀχλύς "mist"), [1] in the Hesiodic Shield of Heracles, is one of the figures depicted on Heracles ' shield, perhaps representing the personification of sorrow. In Homer, achlys is the mist which fogs or blinds mortal eyes (often in death). Her Roman counterpart Caligo was said to have been the mother ...
Egyptian. Apep the ultimate evil of Egyptian mythology in snake form. Isfet chaos, disorder, and injustice - opposed to Maat. Nu (mythology) primordial waters. Set (deity) was not originally evil, but developed into a hated figure thanks to the invading Hyksos who identified him with their chief god, fights Apep.