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Vaping-associated pulmonary injury (VAPI), [4] also known as vaping-associated lung injury (VALI) [1] or e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (E/VALI), [2] [a] is an umbrella term, [15] [16] used to describe lung diseases associated with the use of vaping products that can be severe and life-threatening. [3]
To the extent that vaping aids the transition, its health effects are positive. Alternatively, smokers can substitute vaping for smoking without intending to transition. In this context, vaping is still preferred. [62] However, if vaping is used as a way to get nicotine in situations where smoking is not convenient, vaping may negatively affect ...
It's another reason to stop vaping in the new year. According to research, vaping, like smoking, has an immediate negative effect on the user’s blood flow — even if the vape does not contain ...
A 2020 review stated "Initial case reports of vaping-related lung injury date back to 2012, but the ongoing outbreak of EVALI began in the summer of 2019..." [11] At least 19 cases of vaping-associated pulmonary injuries had been reported worldwide prior to 2019. [12] Similar cases were reported in the UK and Japan before the outbreak. [13]
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [3] [4] Cancer can be difficult to diagnose because its signs and symptoms are often nonspecific, meaning they may be general phenomena that do not point directly to a specific disease process. [5]
Hematological malignancies are malignant neoplasms ("cancer"), and they are generally treated by specialists in hematology and/or oncology. In some centers "hematology/oncology" is a single subspecialty of internal medicine while in others they are considered separate divisions (there are also surgical and radiation oncologists).
In hematology, essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic blood cancer (myeloproliferative neoplasm) characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. [3] It may, albeit rarely, develop into acute myeloid leukemia or myelofibrosis. [3]
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