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Taxes on land date back to the Norman Conquest and beyond, and the Land Tax introduced in 1692 was a natural successor to taxation acts in 1671 and 1689, but the Land Tax Act 1692 "has been regarded as a turning point in the history of English revenue collection.
The most important tax of the late Anglo-Saxon period was the geld, a land tax first regularly collected in 1012 to pay for mercenaries. After the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, the geld continued to be collected until 1162, but it was eventually replaced with taxes on personal property and income.
Subsidy rolls are records of taxation in England made between the 12th and 17th centuries. They are often valuable sources of historical information. The lists are arranged by county, and the description of each document indicates the area covered, usually by hundred or wapentake. The 1332 subsidy was the first for which many assessments survive.
The Friend of the People; & his Petty New Tax Gatherer paying John Bull a visit (1806), James Gillray. The history of taxation in the United Kingdom includes the history of all collections by governments under law, in money or in kind, including collections by monarchs and lesser feudal lords, levied on persons or property subject to the government, with the primary purpose of raising revenue.
The way was thus prepared for the property tax of 1692, imposing a rate of 4s. in the pound on real estate, offices and personal property. However, the old difficulties of collection turned it mainly into a land tax, by which name it became generally known. The 4s. rate brought in £1,922,712, a return which declined in later years.
The history of English land law can be traced back to Roman times. Throughout the Early Middle Ages , where England came under rule of post-Roman chieftains and Anglo-Saxon monarchs , land was the dominant source of personal wealth.
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A probable reason for the abandonment of land taxes was the greater revenues raised by taxes on property and income. [50] Carucage was an attempt to secure new sources of revenue to supplement existing sources of income. [51] It was also intended to increase royal revenues in the face of new demands placed upon them.
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