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An American Rotary Phase Converter with a Transformer. A phase converter is a device that converts electric power provided as single phase to multiple phase or vice versa. The majority of phase converters are used to produce three-phase electric power from a single-phase source, thus allowing the operation of three-phase equipment at a site that only has single-phase electrical service.
In Europe, three-phase 230/400 V is most commonly used. However, 130/225 V, three-wire, two-phase electric power discontinued systems called B1 are used to run old installations in small groups of houses when only two of the three-phase high-voltage conductors are used. The phase shift in Europe is 120°, as is the case with three-phase current.
Wiring schematic for a simplified bipolar-field Gramme-ring single-phase–to–direct-current rotary converter. (In actual use, the converter is drum-wound and uses a multipolar field.) [2] Wiring schematic for a simplified two-phase–to–direct-current rotary converter, with the second phase connected at right angles to the first [3] Wiring schematic for a simplified three-phase–to ...
Rotary phase converters are used to produce a single-phase for the single overhead conductor in electric railways. [ citation needed ] Five European countries ( Germany , Austria , Switzerland , Norway , and Sweden ), where electricity is three-phase AC at 50 Hz , have standardised on single-phase AC at 15 kV 16 + 2 ⁄ 3 Hz for railway ...
Such converters may also allow the frequency to be varied, allowing speed control. Some railway locomotives use a single-phase source to drive three-phase motors fed through an electronic drive. [36] A rotary phase converter is a three-phase motor with special starting arrangements and power factor correction that produces balanced three-phase ...
A "transformer bank", widely used in North America: three single-phase transformers connected to make a 3-phase transformer. The low-voltage secondary windings are attached to three or four terminals on the transformer's side. In North American residences and small businesses, the secondary is often the split-phase 120/240-volt system. The 240 ...
AC supplies are usually single-phase (1φ) except where marked three-phase (3φ). Conductors: overhead line or; conductor rail, usually a third rail to one side of the running rails. Conductor rail can be: top contact: oldest, least safe, most affected by ice, snow, rain and leaves.
[citation needed] The largest supply normally [clarification needed] available as single-phase varies according to the standards of the electrical utility. In the United Kingdom a single-phase household supply may be rated 100 A or even 125 A, meaning that there is little need for three-phase in a domestic or small commercial environment. Much ...