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Phosphorus pentachloride is the chemical compound with the formula PCl 5. It is one of the most important phosphorus chlorides/oxychlorides, others being PCl 3 and POCl 3. PCl 5 finds use as a chlorinating reagent. It is a colourless, water-sensitive solid, although commercial samples can be yellowish and contaminated with hydrogen chloride.
Phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus pentabromide, and phosphorus heptabromide are ionic in the solid and liquid states; PCl 5 is formulated as PCl 4 + PCl 6 –, but in contrast, PBr 5 is formulated as PBr 4 + Br −, and PBr 7 is formulated as PBr 4 + Br 3 −. They are widely used as chlorinating and brominating agents in organic chemistry.
The von Braun amide degradation is the chemical reaction of a monosubstituted amide with phosphorus pentachloride or thionyl chloride to give a nitrile and an organohalide. [1] It is named after Julius Jacob von Braun, who first reported the reaction. [2] [3] The von Braun amide degradation
Phosphoric chloride difluoride can be made by the reaction of liquid phosphorus pentachloride with phosphorodifluoridic acid HPO 2 F 2 or diphosphoridic tetrafluoride P 2 O 3 F 4. This reaction takes place at room temperature up to 60 °C. The POF 2 Cl bubbles off as a gas, and can be condensed by cooling with dry ice-acetone mixture. [3]
Si-F bonds and Si-H bonds both increase in length upon pentacoordination and related effects are seen in phosphorus species, but to a lesser degree. The reason for the greater magnitude in bond length change for silicon species over phosphorus species is the increased effective nuclear charge at phosphorus.
C 6 H 5 CCl 3 + H 2 O → C 6 H 5 COCl + 2 HCl C 6 H 5 CCl 3 + C 6 H 5 CO 2 H → 2 C 6 H 5 COCl + HCl. As with other acyl chlorides, it can be generated from the parent acid and other chlorinating agents phosphorus pentachloride or thionyl chloride. Representative laboratory routes to aromatic acyl halides are comparable to those for aliphatic ...
Treatment of this species with hydroxylamine in the presence of Ph 3 P results in replacement of the two single P–Cl bonds in Ph 3 PCl 2 by one double P=N bond: 2 Ph 3 PCl 2 + NH 2 OH·HCl + Ph 3 P → [(Ph 3 P) 2 N]Cl + 4HCl + Ph 3 PO. Triphenylphosphine oxide Ph 3 PO is a by-product. Bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride is described as ...
Crystalline samples have been produced by the reaction of ammonium chloride and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene [4] or phosphorus pentachloride. [1] (NPCl 2) 3 + 2 [NH 4]Cl → P 3 N 5 + 8 HCl 3 PCl 5 + 5 [NH 4]Cl → P 3 N 5 + 20 HCl. P 3 N 5 has also been prepared at room temperature, by a reaction between phosphorus trichloride and sodium ...