Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
End loop; Return =. The algorithm first finds the largest value among the n i and then the supremum within the set of { n i \ i ≠ M } . Then it raises x M to the power q , multiplies this value with x N , and then assigns x N the result of this computation and n M the value n M modulo n N .
The Karatsuba algorithm is a fast multiplication algorithm. It was discovered by Anatoly Karatsuba in 1960 and published in 1962. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that reduces the multiplication of two n -digit numbers to three multiplications of n /2-digit numbers and, by repeating this reduction, to at most n log 2 3 ...
The simplest method is the double-and-add method, [2] similar to square-and-multiply in modular exponentiation. The algorithm works as follows: The algorithm works as follows: To compute sP , start with the binary representation for s : s = s 0 + 2 s 1 + 2 2 s 2 + ⋯ + 2 n − 1 s n − 1 {\displaystyle s=s_{0}+2s_{1}+2^{2}s_{2}+\cdots +2 ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 January 2025. Practice of subverting video game rules or mechanics to gain an unfair advantage This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article possibly contains original research. Please ...
output: Integer S in the range [0, N − 1] such that S ≡ TR −1 mod N m ← ((T mod R)N′) mod R t ← (T + mN) / R if t ≥ N then return t − N else return t end if end function To see that this algorithm is correct, first observe that m is chosen precisely so that T + mN is divisible by R .
Modular exponentiation is exponentiation performed over a modulus. It is useful in computer science , especially in the field of public-key cryptography , where it is used in both Diffie–Hellman key exchange and RSA public/private keys .
Lighting and reflection calculations, as in the video game OpenArena, use the fast inverse square root code to compute angles of incidence and reflection.. Fast inverse square root, sometimes referred to as Fast InvSqrt() or by the hexadecimal constant 0x5F3759DF, is an algorithm that estimates , the reciprocal (or multiplicative inverse) of the square root of a 32-bit floating-point number in ...
A power of two is a number of the form 2 n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, 2 n is exactly equal to (). In the Hardy hierarchy, 2 n is exactly equal to ().