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Slavery in the United States was legally abolished nationwide within the 36 newly reunited states under the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, effective December 18, 1865. Slavery in the Indian Territory was abolished in 1866 a series of treaties with each of the Five Civilized Tribes , agreements known today as the ...
A broad and common measure of the health of a population is its life expectancy. According to "Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Slavery," by Robert Fogel, the life expectancy in 1850 of a White person in the United States was forty; for a slave, it was thirty-six. [1]
The death rate for the slaves on their way to their new destination across the American South was less than that suffered by captives shipped across the Atlantic Ocean, but mortality nevertheless was higher than the normal death rate. Slave traders transported two-thirds of the slaves who moved West. [177]
However, some U.S. states had previously emancipated some or all of their black population. The table below shows the percentage of free blacks as a percentage of the total black population in various U.S. regions and U.S. states between 1790 and 1860 (the blank areas on the chart below mean that there is no data for those specific regions or ...
In the United States before 1865, a slave state was a state in which slavery and the internal or domestic slave trade were legal, while a free state was one in which they were prohibited. Between 1812 and 1850, it was considered by the slave states to be politically imperative that the number of free states not exceed the number of slave states ...
Although white people enslaved Black people in Northern states in early America, by the eve of the Civil War, slavery was almost entirely a Southern enterprise. ... Census figures from 1860 ...
English: Evolution of the enslaved population of the United States as a percentage of the population of each state, based on official US Census figures. States are listed by 1860 slavery rate (in descending order). Note that data for future West Virginia counties are disaggregated from Virginia data.
This article includes a list of U.S. states sorted by birth and death rate, expressed per 1,000 inhabitants, for 2021, using the most recent data available from the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics.