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Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (i.e., cSLE), also termed juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus, and pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus, is a form of the chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (i.e., SLE), that develops in individuals up to 18 years old. [1]
Acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus is a cutaneous condition characterized by a bilateral malar rash (also known as a "butterfly rash") and lesions that tend to be transient, and that follow sun exposure. [1] The acute form is distinct from chronic and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, which may have different types of skin lesions. [2]
Lupus erythematosus is a collection of autoimmune diseases in which the human immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks healthy tissues. [1] Symptoms of these diseases can affect many different body systems, including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, and lungs. The most common and most severe form is systemic lupus erythematosus.
In 1999 a study noted, "In recent years there has been growing concern regarding the diagnosis of incomplete forms of the autoimmune diseases" [26] and the first classification criteria were proposed in that year. [1] Historically the condition was sometimes called undifferentiated connective tissue syndrome, latent lupus or incomplete lupus. [1]
Chilblain lupus erythematosus is characterized by a rash that primarily affects acral surfaces that are frequently exposed to cold temperatures, such as the toes, fingers, ears, and nose. The rash is defined by oedematous skin, nodules , and tender plaques with a purple discoloration.
Titres are monitored more often in cases of more active lupus than that of less active lupus at intervals of 1–3 months and 6–12 months, respectively. [ 1 ] Anti-dsDNA antibodies are highly associated with glomerulonephritis in SLE, although some patients with high titers of anti-dsDNA antibodies do not develop renal disease.
There were more than 62,000 cases of Lyme disease reported to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2022 – nearly a 70% jump from the annual average from 2017 to 2019, according ...
Discoid lupus erythematosus is the most common type of chronic cutaneous lupus (CCLE), an autoimmune skin condition on the lupus erythematosus spectrum of illnesses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It presents with red, painful, inflamed and coin-shaped patches of skin with a scaly and crusty appearance, most often on the scalp, cheeks, and ears.