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Roman dictators were usually appointed for a specific purpose, or causa, which limited the scope of their activities.The chief causae were rei gerundae (a general purpose, usually to lead an army in the field against a particular enemy), clavi figendi (an important religious rite involving the driving of a nail into the wall of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus), and comitiorum habendorum ...
A Roman dictator was an extraordinary magistrate in the Roman Republic endowed with full authority to resolve some specific problem to which he had been assigned. He received the full powers of the state, subordinating the other magistrates, consuls included, for the specific purpose of resolving that issue, and that issue only, and then dispensing with those powers immediately.
Later debates focused on Fascism rather than arguing whether Francoism was totalitarian; some historians wrote that it was a typical conservative military dictatorship, contemporary historians stress its Fascist component and describe it as para-Fascist or a regime of unfinished fascization which evolved to a merely authoritarian regime during ...
Eventually resulted in a Roman victory. However, Rome granted Roman citizenship to all of its Italian allies, to avoid another costly war. [38] 88 BC Sulla's first march on Rome Italy, Roman Republic: Populares: The Optimates were victorious and Sulla briefly took power in Rome. [39] 82–81 BC Sulla's civil war: Italy, Roman Republic: Populares
A historical sovereign state is a state that once existed, but has since been dissolved due to conflict, war, rebellion, annexation, or uprising. This page lists sovereign states, countries, nations, or empires that ceased to exist as political entities sometime after 1453, grouped geographically and by constitutional nature.
The word dictator comes from the Latin word dictātor, agent noun from dictare (say repeatedly, assert, order). [4] [5] A dictator was a Roman magistrate given sole power for a limited duration. Originally an emergency legal appointment in the Roman Republic and the Etruscan culture, the term dictator did not have the negative meaning it has ...
The power structures of dictatorships vary, and different definitions of dictatorship consider different elements of this structure. Political scientists such as Juan José Linz and Samuel P. Huntington identify key attributes that define the power structure of a dictatorship, including a single leader or a small group of leaders, the exercise of power with few limitations, limited political ...
King Michael's Coup in Romania: On 23 August, pro-German dictator Ion Antonescu was overthrown and King Michael of Romania switched the nation from the Axis side of the war to join the Allies. 1944 Bulgarian coup d'état : The government of pro-German Prime Minister Konstantin Muraviev was overthrown, and Kimon Georgiev of the Fatherland Front ...