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The dun gene is a dilution gene that affects both red and black pigments in the coat color of a horse. The dun gene lightens most of the body while leaving the mane, tail, legs, and primitive markings the shade of the undiluted base coat color. A dun horse always has a dark dorsal stripe down the middle of its back, usually has a darker face ...
Zygosity for Dun can be determined with a DNA test. [27] The Dun locus is TBX3 on equine chromosome 8. [3] [28] The molecular cause behind the dun coat colors is not entirely understood, but the dilution effect comes from the placement of pigment in only part of the hair.
Non-dun 1 removes the diluting effect of dun, but keeps the primitive markings, while non-dun 2 removes both the diluting effect and the primitive markings. [13] The non-dun1 allele is over 40,000 years old, while non-dun2 is relatively recent, and is thought to have first appeared within the past several thousand years. [ 4 ]
Blue dun or grullo (also grulla, mouse dun) coloring is created by the dun gene acting on a black base coat, and is a coat color with a bluish cast and darker points. [13] Unlike blue roans, grullos are solid color and appear bluish due to low amounts of pigment in each hair, not interspersed white hairs. [ 14 ]
The dun gene also produces light guard hairs in the mane and the tail. Grullo [ 1 ] (pronounced GREW-yo) [ 2 ] [ a ] or grulla is a color of horses in the dun family, characterized by tan-gray or mouse-colored hairs on the body, often with shoulder and dorsal stripes and black barring on the lower legs.
Dun gene describes another common dilution gene in horses; Champagne gene, describes a different dilution gene in horses that also creates cream coloring, pale skin with mottling and light-colored eyes. Pearl gene, also called the "Barlink factor", is a recessive gene. One copy of the allele has no effect on the coat color of black, bay or ...
DNA tests and patience are effective in determining which is the case. Some of the terms used to describe these combinations include: Dunalino, yellow dun or palomino dun: a chestnut-based coat with one cream allele and at least one dun allele. The points are reddish, but the body coat is a paler, flatter shade of gold and primitive markings ...
Some horses have a dark dorsal stripe as seen on duns, but do not have the dun gene, and do not have the lighter coat of a dun. Some consider this a type of sooty. [ 7 ] It was long known that the dun locus had at least two alleles, but research in 2015 discovered a third allele named non-dun 1, which is responsible for this stripe.