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is how one would use Fortran to create arrays from the even and odd entries of an array. Another common use of vectorized indices is a filtering operation. Consider a clipping operation of a sine wave where amplitudes larger than 0.5 are to be set to 0.5. Using S-Lang, this can be done by y = sin(x); y[where(abs(y)>0.5)] = 0.5;
In C and C++ short, long, and long long types are required to be at least 16, 32, and 64 bits wide, respectively, but can be more. The int type is required to be at least as wide as short and at most as wide as long , and is typically the width of the word size on the processor of the machine (i.e. on a 32-bit machine it is often 32 bits wide ...
Arrays can be initialized with a compound initializer, but not assigned. Arrays are passed to functions by passing a pointer to the first element. Multidimensional arrays are defined as "array of array …", and all except the outermost dimension must have compile-time constant size:
Comparison of ALGOL 68 and C++; ALGOL 68: Comparisons with other languages; Compatibility of C and C++; Comparison of Pascal and Borland Delphi; Comparison of Object Pascal and C; Comparison of Pascal and C; Comparison of Java and C++; Comparison of C# and Java; Comparison of C# and Visual Basic .NET; Comparison of Visual Basic and Visual Basic ...
Alignment concerns can affect areas much larger than a C structure when the purpose is the efficient mapping of that area through a hardware address translation mechanism (PCI remapping, operation of a MMU). For instance, on a 32-bit operating system, a 4 KiB (4096 bytes) page is not just an arbitrary 4 KiB chunk of data. Instead, it is usually ...
store a long to an array lcmp 94 1001 0100 value1, value2 → result push 0 if the two longs are the same, 1 if value1 is greater than value2, -1 otherwise lconst_0 09 0000 1001 → 0L push 0L (the number zero with type long) onto the stack lconst_1 0a 0000 1010 → 1L push 1L (the number one with type long) onto the stack ldc 12 0001 0010 1: index
In Java associative arrays are implemented as "maps", which are part of the Java collections framework. Since J2SE 5.0 and the introduction of generics into Java, collections can have a type specified; for example, an associative array that maps strings to strings might be specified as follows:
Elements of a newly created array may have undefined values (as in C), or may be defined to have a specific "default" value such as 0 or a null pointer (as in Java). In C++ a std::vector object supports the store, select, and append operations with the performance characteristics discussed above. Vectors can be queried for their size and can be ...