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Density wave theory is the preferred explanation for the well-defined structure of grand design spirals, [2] first suggested by Chia-Chiao Lin and Frank Shu in 1964. [3] The term "grand design" was not used in this work, but appeared in the 1966 continuation paper; [4] Lin [5] (along with Yuan and Shu [6]) is usually credited with coining of the term.
NGC 1232 is a face-on spiral galaxy. It can be technically considered a grand-design galaxy and is considered a prototype for multi-arm spiral galaxies. [7] Its galactic bulge is small. While NGC 1232 is classified as an intermediate spiral galaxy, the bulge shows hints of a galactic bar. [7]
NGC 1300 is a barred spiral galaxy located about 65 million light-years away in the constellation Eridanus. The galaxy is about 110,000 light-years across. It is a member of the Eridanus Cluster, a cluster of 200 galaxies, [3] [4] [5] in a subgroup of 2-4 galaxies in the cluster known as the NGC 1300 Group. [6] [7] [8] It was discovered by John ...
Messier 74 (also known as NGC 628 and Phantom Galaxy) is a large spiral galaxy in the equatorial constellation Pisces. [a] It is about 32 million light-years away from Earth. [6] The galaxy contains two clearly defined spiral arms and is therefore used as an archetypal example of a grand design spiral galaxy. [7]
NGC 7678 is a grand design spiral galaxy with two arms, from which the south arm is more prominent, and as a result the galaxy is asymmetrical. It was initially considered to that the asymmetry was the caused by a different galaxy interacting with NGC 7678 but further observations reveal that this is not the case. [4]
NGC 1079 is an isolated, weakly barred, grand-design spiral galaxy with transitional ring-like structures [3] containing a number of prominent A type stars. [1] It is located in the Fornax constellation and is part of the Eridanus supercluster. [4] It was first observed and catalogued by the astronomer John Herschel in 1835. [5]
M83 is a massive, grand design spiral galaxy. [10] Its morphological classification in the De Vaucouleurs system is SAB(s)c, [2] where the 'SAB' denotes a weak-barred spiral, '(s)' indicates a pure spiral structure with no ring, and 'c' means the spiral arms are loosely wound. [11]
NGC 5643 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Lupus. Based on the tip of the red-giant branch distance indicator, it is located at a distance of about 40 million light-years (12.5 megaparsecs). [2] NGC 5643 has an active galactic nucleus and is a type II Seyfert galaxy.